Department of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, 19–1 Uchimaru, Morioka, Iwate, Japan.
Ind Health. 2011;49(4):452-63. doi: 10.2486/indhealth.ms1251. Epub 2011 Jun 21.
A questionnaire survey was conducted among 3,233 workers (2,442 males and 791 females) from 17 medium-sized business establishments in northern Japan with respect to GHQ-12 score, suicidal ideation, sociodemographic characteristics, work-associated factors, and attitude toward mental health resources. Sex differences were assessed for each questionnaire item, and logistic regression analyses were performed separately for males and females. Significant correlations between common mental disorder (CMD: GHQ-12 score≥3) and the following factors were found for both sexes: short sleep, irregular working schedule, working in specific businesses, and attitude toward mental health resources. Associations between CMD and excess workload were significant only in male workers. While correlations between suicidal ideation and demand for mental health resources were observed in both sexes, significant correlations were observed between suicidal ideation and use of mental health resources for female workers alone. These results suggest that screening of a high-risk population and provision of mental health resources contribute to suicide prevention as a part of mental health promotion measures in medium-sized business establishments. They also suggest the need for identification of business/job type-specific stressors while considering sex differences in lifestyle factors, working environment, and help-seeking behavior.
对日本北部 17 家中型企业的 3233 名工人（男性 2442 名，女性 791 名）进行了 GHQ-12 评分、自杀意念、社会人口学特征、与工作相关的因素以及对心理健康资源的态度问卷调查。评估了每个问卷项目的性别差异，并分别对男性和女性进行了逻辑回归分析。对于男性和女性，常见精神障碍（CMD：GHQ-12 评分≥3）与以下因素之间存在显著相关性：睡眠不足、工作时间不规律、在特定企业工作以及对心理健康资源的态度。CMD 与工作量过大之间的关联仅在男性工人中显著。虽然自杀意念与对心理健康资源的需求之间存在相关性，但仅在女性工人中观察到自杀意念与使用心理健康资源之间存在显著相关性。这些结果表明，在中型企业中，作为心理健康促进措施的一部分，对高危人群进行筛查和提供心理健康资源有助于预防自杀。它们还表明，在考虑生活方式因素、工作环境和寻求帮助行为的性别差异的同时，需要确定特定于企业/工作类型的压力源。
