Dohrenbusch R, Henningsen R, Merten Th
Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Institut für Psychologie, Bonn.
Versicherungsmedizin. 2011 Jun 1;63(2):81-5.
The consideration of response bias is essential in the assessment of mental and psychosomatic disorders. In forensic contexts, as compared to clinical evaluations, an elevated rate of response distortions must be expected. Assessment methods should be selected with respect to the risk of either malingering or defensiveness. The choice of assessment strategies and instruments depends on the legal context of the examination. It is recommended that the consistency and plausibility of data from different levels and sources should be systematically analysed. Psychological test results should be integrated in this analysis. If the purpose of a test is obvious to the patient, the test result should be interpreted with respect to results from additional validity scales or symptom validity tests. In civil forensic evaluations of mental and psychosomatic disorders, the use of criterion-based content analysis is expected to be of limited benefit for the validation of symptoms and disability.
在评估精神和身心障碍时，考虑反应偏差至关重要。在法医环境中，与临床评估相比，预计反应扭曲率会升高。应根据诈病或防御性的风险来选择评估方法。评估策略和工具的选择取决于检查的法律背景。建议系统分析来自不同层面和来源的数据的一致性和合理性。心理测试结果应纳入此分析。如果测试目的对患者而言显而易见，则应结合其他效度量表或症状效度测试的结果来解释测试结果。在精神和身心障碍的民事法医评估中，基于标准的内容分析对于症状和残疾的验证作用有限。
