School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
Gastroenterology. 2011 Sep;141(3):992-1002.e1-6. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2011.06.002. Epub 2011 Jun 13.
BACKGROUND & AIMS: The majority of the enteric nervous system is derived from the vagal neural crest, with a second contribution, which is restricted to the post-umbilical gut, originating from the sacral neural crest. In mammals, although sacral neural crest cells (NCCs) have been shown to enter the hindgut, information on their development and role remains scant. Our aim was to determine the migratory routes of sacral NCCs to the hindgut, their timing and site of entry into the gut, and their migratory behaviors and differentiation within the hindgut.
We used in situ cell labeling, whole embryo culture, immunofluorescence, organotypic culture, and time-lapse live-cell imaging in mouse embryos.
Sacral NCCs emigrated from the neural tube at embryonic day 9.5, accumulated bilateral to the hindgut to form prospective pelvic ganglia at embryonic day 11.5, and from there entered the distal hindgut through its ventrolateral side at embryonic day 13.5. They then migrated along nerve fibers extending from the pelvic ganglia toward the proximal hindgut, intermingling with rostrocaudally migrating vagal NCCs to differentiate into neurons and glia. In organotypic culture, genetically labeled sacral and vagal NCCs displayed different capabilities of entering the hindgut, implying differences in their intrinsic migratory properties. Time-lapse live-cell imaging on explants ex vivo showed that sacral NCCs migrated along nerve fibers and exhibited different migratory behaviors from vagal NCCs.
Murine sacral NCCs are a distinct group of cells that migrate along defined pathways from neural tube to hindgut. They exhibit discrete migratory behaviors within the gut mesenchyme and contribute neurons and glial cells to the hindgut enteric nervous system.
大部分肠神经系统源自迷走神经嵴，而第二部分源自骶神经嵴，仅局限于脐带后肠道。在哺乳动物中，虽然已经证实骶神经嵴细胞（NCC）会进入后肠，但关于它们的发育和作用的信息仍然很少。我们的目的是确定骶 NCC 迁移到后肠的途径、它们进入肠道的时间和位置，以及它们在肠道内的迁移行为和分化。
我们使用原位细胞标记、全胚胎培养、免疫荧光、器官型培养和胚胎活细胞延时成像技术。
骶 NCC 于胚胎第 9.5 天从神经管中迁出，在胚胎第 11.5 天聚集在肠的两侧，形成预期的盆神经节，然后从那里通过肠的腹外侧进入远端后肠。然后，它们沿着从盆神经节延伸到近端后肠的神经纤维迁移，与从头部向尾部迁移的迷走 NCC 混合，分化为神经元和神经胶质。在器官型培养中，遗传标记的骶和迷走 NCC 显示出进入后肠的不同能力，暗示它们具有不同的内在迁移特性。离体外植体的延时活细胞成像显示，骶 NCC 沿着神经纤维迁移，并表现出与迷走 NCC 不同的迁移行为。
鼠骶 NCC 是一组从神经管迁移到后肠的特定细胞。它们在肠道间质中表现出离散的迁移行为，并为后肠肠神经系统贡献神经元和神经胶质细胞。
