INSERM U694, Mitochondrie Régulations et Pathologie, Université d'Angers, Rue des Capucins, F-49100, Angers, France.
Circ Res. 2011 Jun 24;109(1):110-9. doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.110.233049.
Considered during the past decades as cell dust, microparticles are now deemed true biomarkers and vectors of biological information between cells. Depending on their origin, the composition of microparticles varies and the subsequent message transported by them, such as proteins, mRNA, or miRNA, can differ. Recent studies have described microparticles as "cargos" of deleterious information in blood vessel wall under pathological situations such as hypertension, myocardial infarction, and metabolic syndrome. In addition, it has been reported that depending on their origin, microparticles also possess a therapeutic potential regarding angiogenesis. Microparticles can act directly through the interaction ligand/receptor or indirectly on angiogenesis by modulating soluble factor production involved in endothelial cell differentiation, proliferation, migration, and adhesion; by reprogramming endothelial mature cells; and by inducing changes in levels, phenotype, and function of endothelial progenitor cells. This results in an increase in formation of in vitro capillary-like tubes and the generation of new vessels in vivo under ischemic conditions, for instance. Taking into consideration these properties of microparticles, recent evidence provides new basis to expand the possibility that microparticles might be used as therapeutic tools in pathologies associated with an alteration of angiogenesis.
在过去几十年中，微颗粒被认为是细胞的“尘埃”，而现在则被视为细胞间生物信息的真正生物标志物和载体。根据其来源，微颗粒的组成不同，其所携带的后续信息（如蛋白质、mRNA 或 miRNA）也不同。最近的研究表明，在高血压、心肌梗死和代谢综合征等病理情况下，微颗粒在血管壁中是“有害信息”的“载体”。此外，据报道，根据其来源，微颗粒在血管生成方面也具有治疗潜力。微颗粒可以通过配体/受体相互作用直接作用，也可以通过调节参与内皮细胞分化、增殖、迁移和黏附的可溶性因子的产生，通过重编程内皮成熟细胞，以及通过诱导内皮祖细胞水平、表型和功能的变化，间接地影响血管生成。这导致在体外培养的毛细血管样管形成和在缺血条件下体内新血管生成增加，例如。考虑到微颗粒的这些特性，最近的证据为扩展微颗粒可能作为与血管生成改变相关的病理治疗工具的可能性提供了新的依据。
