Chaldakov George
Laboratory of Cell Biology, Medical University, Varna, Bulgaria.
Arch Ital Biol. 2011 Jun;149(2):257-63. doi: 10.4449/aib.v149i2.1366.
The field of neurotrophins, particularly, nerve growth factor (NGF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), has witnessed a number of breakthroughs in recent years. There is evidence now that NGF and BDNF mediate multiple biological phenomena, ranging from the Rita Levi Montalcini's neurotrophic through immunotrophic to epitheliotrophic and nociceptive effects. In 2003 we, for the first time, enriched the "NGFome" with one more expression presented in our concept of NGF metabotrophicity, also that of BDNF. This envisages that these two factors may operate as metabotrophins, that is, involved in the maintenance of cardiometabolic homeostasis (glucose and lipid metabolism as well as energy balance, cardioprotection, and wound healing). Recent results also demonstrated that the circulating and/or tissue levels of NGF and BDNF are altered in cardiometabolic diseases (atherosclerosis, obesity, type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and type 3 diabetes). Altogether, a hypothesis of metabotrophic deficit due to the reduction of NGF/BDNF availability and/or utilization was raised, and implicated in the pathogenesis of cardiometabolic diseases. This may cultivate a novel pathogenic and therapeutic thinking for these diseases.
近年来，神经营养因子领域，尤其是神经生长因子（NGF）和脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF），取得了诸多突破。现在有证据表明，NGF和BDNF介导多种生物学现象，从丽塔·列维·蒙塔尔奇尼的神经营养作用，到免疫营养作用、上皮营养作用和伤害感受作用。2003年，我们首次丰富了“NGF组”，在我们提出的NGF代谢营养性概念中增加了一种表达，BDNF的情况也是如此。这设想这两种因子可能作为代谢营养因子发挥作用，即参与维持心脏代谢稳态（葡萄糖和脂质代谢以及能量平衡、心脏保护和伤口愈合）。最近的研究结果还表明，在心脏代谢疾病（动脉粥样硬化、肥胖症、2型糖尿病、代谢综合征和3型糖尿病）中，NGF和BDNF的循环和/或组织水平会发生改变。总之，有人提出了由于NGF/BDNF可用性和/或利用率降低导致代谢营养缺乏的假说，并认为这与心脏代谢疾病的发病机制有关。这可能为这些疾病培养一种新的致病和治疗思路。
