Introduction to the use of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation devices.

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation is an ancient but newly discovered modality. Initially intended for use in chronic pain syndromes, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation may be even more useful in managing acute pain. Although procedures for the use of this device are relatively simple, additional knowledge about selecting and adjusting the device as well as clinical experience will largely determine the degree of success obtained with this modality. Adjusting transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation units can alter the stimulus efficiency. No one wave-form is the most effective, but characteristics of effective wave-forms are known. In addition, the patient must be knowledgeable and cooperative when transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation is applied.