Psychology Department, Stanford UniversityDepartment of Psychology, Cornell University.
Cogn Sci. 2005 Nov 12;29(6):1045-60. doi: 10.1207/s15516709cog0000_29.
We investigated the coupling between a speaker's and a listener's eye movements. Some participants talked extemporaneously about a television show whose cast members they were viewing on a screen in front of them. Later, other participants listened to these monologues while viewing the same screen. Eye movements were recorded for all speakers and listeners. According to cross-recurrence analysis, a listener's eye movements most closely matched a speaker's eye movements at a delay of 2 sec. Indeed, the more closely a listener's eye movements were coupled with a speaker's, the better the listener did on a comprehension test. In a second experiment, low-level visual cues were used to manipulate the listeners' eye movements, and these, in turn, influenced their latencies to comprehension questions. Just as eye movements reflect the mental state of an individual, the coupling between a speaker's and a listener's eye movements reflects the success of their communication.
我们研究了说话者和听话者的眼球运动之间的耦合关系。一些参与者即兴谈论他们在屏幕上看到的一个电视节目，这些参与者就在屏幕前。之后，其他参与者在观看同一屏幕的同时聆听这些独白。记录了所有说话者和听话者的眼球运动。根据交叉递归分析，在延迟 2 秒时，听话者的眼球运动与说话者的眼球运动最为匹配。实际上，听话者的眼球运动与说话者的眼球运动越匹配，他们在理解测试中的表现就越好。在第二个实验中，使用低水平的视觉线索来操纵听话者的眼球运动，而这些眼球运动反过来又影响了他们对理解问题的反应时间。就像眼球运动反映了个体的心理状态一样，说话者和听话者的眼球运动之间的耦合关系反映了他们交流的成功程度。
