强化传染病监测系统：在卢旺达建立一个实验室网络。

Strengthening systems for communicable disease surveillance: creating a laboratory network in Rwanda.

机构信息

Centers for Disease Control and Response, 1600 Clifton Rd,, Atlanta, USA.

出版信息

Health Res Policy Syst. 2011 Jun 24;9:27. doi: 10.1186/1478-4505-9-27.

DOI:10.1186/1478-4505-9-27

PMID:21702948

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3142247/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The recent emergence of a novel strain of influenza virus with pandemic potential underscores the need for quality surveillance and laboratory services to contribute to the timely detection and confirmation of public health threats. To provide a framework for strengthening disease surveillance and response capacities in African countries, the World Health Organization Regional Headquarters for Africa (AFRO) developed Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response (IDSR) aimed at improving national surveillance and laboratory systems. IDSR emphasizes the linkage of information provided by public health laboratories to the selection of relevant, appropriate and effective public health responses to disease outbreaks.

METHODS

We reviewed the development of Rwanda's National Reference Laboratory (NRL) to understand essential structures involved in creating a national public health laboratory network. We reviewed documents describing the NRL's organization and record of test results, conducted site visits, and interviewed health staff in the Ministry of Health and in partner agencies. Findings were developed by organizing thematic categories and grouping examples within them. We purposefully sought to identify success factors as well as challenges inherent in developing a national public health laboratory system.

RESULTS

Among the identified success factors were: a structured governing framework for public health surveillance; political commitment to promote leadership for stronger laboratory capacities in Rwanda; defined roles and responsibilities for each level; coordinated approaches between technical and funding partners; collaboration with external laboratories; and use of performance results in advocacy with national stakeholders. Major challenges involved general infrastructure, human resources, and budgetary constraints.

CONCLUSIONS

Rwanda's experience with collaborative partnerships contributed to creation of a functional public health laboratory network.

摘要

背景

新型流感病毒株的出现，具有大流行的潜力，这凸显了需要高质量的监测和实验室服务，以协助及时发现和确认公共卫生威胁。为了提供一个框架，以加强非洲国家的疾病监测和应对能力，世界卫生组织非洲区域办事处（AFRO）制定了综合疾病监测和应对（IDSR），旨在改善国家监测和实验室系统。IDSR 强调公共卫生实验室提供的信息与选择相关、适当和有效的公共卫生应对疾病爆发之间的联系。

方法

我们审查了卢旺达国家参考实验室（NRL）的发展情况，以了解创建国家公共卫生实验室网络所涉及的基本结构。我们审查了描述 NRL 的组织和检测结果记录的文件，进行了现场访问，并采访了卫生部和合作伙伴机构的卫生工作人员。通过组织主题类别和在其中分组示例来制定发现。我们有意寻找在发展国家公共卫生实验室系统方面的成功因素以及固有的挑战。