Pfizer Inc., 235 East 42nd Street, New York, N.Y. 10017, USA.
Eur Neurol. 2011;66(1):18-29. doi: 10.1159/000328431. Epub 2011 Jun 28.
Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a common sensorimotor disorder characterized by abnormal sensations that occur primarily at rest or during sleep, which are alleviated by movement of the affected limb. The pathophysiology of RLS remains unclear, although roles for dopamine dysfunction and brain iron deficiency have been proposed. The hypothalamic A11 dopaminergic circuit is used to explain the dopamine dysfunction in RLS and the potential therapeutic actions of dopamine D(2) agonists. Modulation of central and peripheral neuronal circuits may also explain the potential therapeutic sites of action of opioids, adenosine receptor ligands, and voltage-gated calcium channel α(2)δ ligands in RLS. The known and possible therapeutic benefits of these agents and their relationship to dopaminergic dysfunction in RLS are discussed in this review.
不宁腿综合征（RLS）是一种常见的感觉运动障碍，主要表现为休息或睡眠时出现异常感觉，肢体活动后可缓解。RLS 的病理生理学机制尚不清楚，尽管多巴胺功能障碍和脑铁缺乏被认为与之相关。下丘脑 A11 多巴胺能回路用于解释 RLS 中的多巴胺功能障碍以及多巴胺 D2 激动剂的潜在治疗作用。中枢和周围神经元回路的调节也可能解释阿片类药物、腺苷受体配体和电压门控钙通道 α2δ 配体在 RLS 中的潜在治疗作用部位。本文综述了这些药物的已知和可能的治疗益处及其与 RLS 中多巴胺功能障碍的关系。
