Departments of Microbiology and Immunology, and Biochemistry and Biophysics, and Center for RNA Biology: from Genome to Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA,
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2011;702:91-104. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4419-7841-7_8.
This chapter reviews the present state of knowledge on the activity of enzymes that function with the RNA exosome in the nucleus. In this compartment, the exosome interacts physically and functionally with the exoribonuclease Rrp6 and several cofactors, most prominently Rrp47 and the TRAMP complex. These interactions decide the fate of RNA precursors from transcription through the formation of mature ribonucleoprotein particles (RNPs) and the export of the RNPs to the cytoplasm. The nuclear exosome catalyzes the formation of the mature 3' ends of many of these RNAs, but in other cases degrades the RNAs to mononucleotides. Cofactors such as Mpp6, TRAMP and the Nrd1/Nab3 complex play important roles in determining the outcome of the interaction of RNPs with the nuclear exosome. The details that govern the specificity of these decisions remain a rich source for future investigation.
本章回顾了与核内 RNA 外切体一起发挥作用的酶的活性的现有知识状态。在这个隔室中，外切体与外切核酸酶 Rrp6 和几个辅助因子（最突出的是 Rrp47 和 TRAMP 复合物）在物理和功能上相互作用。这些相互作用决定了从转录到成熟核糖核蛋白颗粒 (RNP) 的形成以及 RNP 向细胞质的输出的 RNA 前体的命运。核外切体催化许多这些 RNA 的成熟 3' 末端的形成，但在其他情况下，将 RNA 降解为单核苷酸。辅助因子，如 Mpp6、TRAMP 和 Nrd1/Nab3 复合物，在决定 RNP 与核外切体相互作用的结果方面发挥着重要作用。决定这些决定特异性的细节仍然是未来研究的丰富来源。
