University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, FPG Child Development Institute, Carrboro, NC 27510, USA.
Child Neuropsychol. 2011;17(6):564-79. doi: 10.1080/09297049.2011.554390. Epub 2011 Jun 30.
This study reported test-retest reliability for a newly developed executive function battery designed for use in early childhood. A total of 140 predominantly low-income children (M = 48.1 months; 51% male; 43% African American) completed up to six tasks on two occasions an average of 18 (Mdn = 16) days apart. Pearson correlations between individual task scores indicated moderate retest reliability (mean r = .60; range = .52-.66) similar to that observed in other retest studies of executive function in preschool, school-aged, and adult samples. In contrast, confirmatory factor analyses of performance on the task battery across time indicated high retest reliability (ϕ = .95) that was identical to that observed in a recent study that used an identical method involving a sample of older adults. The short-term test-retest reliability of executive function in early childhood is comparable to that observed in childhood and adult samples. The retest reliability of children's performance on batteries of executive function tasks is appreciably stronger than the retest reliability of their performance on individual tasks. Studies that focus on inter- and intraindividual differences in executive function would be better served by using scores that are derived from task batteries than those derived from individual tasks.
本研究报告了一种新开发的用于儿童早期的执行功能测试的重测信度。共有 140 名主要来自低收入家庭的儿童（M=48.1 个月；51%为男性；43%为非裔美国人）在两次测试中完成了多达六个任务，两次测试的平均间隔为 18 天（中位数=16 天）。个体任务得分之间的皮尔逊相关表明具有中等的重测信度（平均 r=.60；范围=.52-.66），与在学前、学龄和成人样本中观察到的其他执行功能重测研究相似。相比之下，对任务组在不同时间的表现进行验证性因素分析表明具有较高的重测信度（ϕ=.95），与最近一项使用相同方法的研究结果相同，该研究涉及了一组老年人样本。儿童早期执行功能的短期重测信度与在儿童和成人样本中观察到的相似。儿童在执行功能任务组上的重测表现的可靠性明显强于他们在个别任务上的重测表现的可靠性。关注执行功能的个体间和个体内差异的研究最好使用来自任务组的分数，而不是来自个别任务的分数。
