Adrenocorticotropin- and beta-endorphin-like substances in brains of the freshwater snake Ptyas mucosa.

Snake (Ptyas mucosa) brains (400 g) were extracted with a mixture of acetone, water, and hydrochloric acid. The precipitate (5.6 g) that formed upon addition of five volumes of acetone to the extract, designated acid-acetone powder, was subjected to gel filtration on Sephadex G-25. A large unretarded peak (SB-1) with molecular weight greater than 5000 and a small retarded peak (SB-2) with molecular weight smaller than 5000 were obtained. They were then separately subjected to ion-exchange chromatography on CM-cellulose. Adrenocorticotropic activity was detected in the fractions by their ability to stimulate isolated rat adrenal cells to produce corticosterone. Opiate activity was detected in the fractions by their ability to inhibit the binding of (D-Ala2,D-Leu5)-[tyrosyl-3,5-3H]enkephalin to rat brain membranes and their cross-reactivity in a beta-endorphin radioimmunoassay. Adrenocorticotropic and opiate activities were found to be concentrated in fractions strongly adsorbed on CM-cellulose, which were eluted by combined pH and ammonium acetate concentration gradients. There appeared to be a separation between adrenocorticotropic and opiate activities, suggesting that they were due to separate molecular entities.