Steinbach J, Guenther K, Loesel E, Grunwald G, Mikecz P, Andó L, Szelecsényi F, Beyer G J
Academy of Sciences of the G.D.R., Central Institute of Nuclear Research Rossendorf, Dresden.
Int J Rad Appl Instrum A. 1990;41(8):753-6. doi: 10.1016/0883-2889(90)90023-a.
In order to understand the thermal processes occurring within a water target we carried out calculations of heat transfer of the beam energy absorbed from the target water to the target back wall, and compared them with the temperatures measured during irradiations. It was shown, by both the experimental results and the heat transfer calculations, that, at high beam currents, static small volume water targets have a working temperature at the boiling point of the target water. The heat transfer occurs only by movement of the water molecules generated by the boiling target water and not by heat conduction or free convection alone. There is no heat transfer arising from vaporization and reflux.
为了了解水靶内发生的热过程，我们对从靶水吸收的束流能量向靶后壁的热传递进行了计算，并将其与辐照期间测量的温度进行了比较。实验结果和热传递计算均表明，在高束流情况下，静态小体积水靶的工作温度处于靶水的沸点。热传递仅通过沸腾的靶水产生的水分子运动发生，而不是仅通过热传导或自由对流发生。不存在由汽化和回流引起的热传递。
