[Guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of constipation in Mexico. A) Epidemiology (meta-analysis of the prevalence), pathophysiology and classification].

BACKGROUND

Constipation is a common problem in the general population and its prevalence is based on the diagnostic criteria, the study population and the research methodology for collecting the data.

OBJECTIVES AND METHODS

To establish the clinical gudelines for diagnosis and treatment of chronic constipation in Mexico we have reviewed the epidemiological factors of constipation and have conducted meta-analysis according to the 3 available community-based studies from our country. In addition, evidence-based recommendations have been provided.

RESULTS

The estimated prevalence of functional constipation in Mexico is 14.4% (95% CI: 12.6-16.6%) according to Rome II and Rome III criteria. Although constipation is present in both genders and all age groups, it is more common among young women with a female to male ratio of 3:1. In our population, 43.6% report using laxatives, teas for stimulating bowel movements or fiber supplements, but only 18.0% did so because they considered themselves as constipated. Also, data from a tertiary referral center in Mexico City suggests that patients with prolonged colonic transit time have lower scores in the physical component of the SF-36 compared to those with chronic constipation and a normal colonic transit time.

CONCLUSIONS

Functional constipation is a very common problem in Mexico affecting mainly young women. Laxatives and other related agents are frequently used and this disorder seems to have a negative impact on quality of life.