Zeng Hui-Min, Guo Ye, Yi Xiao-Li, Zhou Jian-Feng, An Wen-Bin, Zhu Xiao-Fan
State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Center for Diseases and Therapy of Pediatric Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Paking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China.
Zhongguo Shi Yan Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi. 2011 Jun;19(3):692-5.
In order to investigate the epidemiology of childhood acute leukemia (CAL), such as onset age and time, risk factor, subtypes distribution and genetics, 1236 CAL patients admitted in blood disease hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences for treatment from April 2004 to April 2010 were analyzed retrospectively. The results showed that the sex ratio of ALL and AML patients were 1.80:1 and 1.73:1 respectively; the average peak age of incidence lasted from 2 to 6 years with the median age of 6 years, while the ALL peak age of incidence lasted from 2 to 5 years but AML showed no significant peak age of incidence. Winter, especially January was the peak time for both onset and birth. Among all the 631 ALL patients who had already been immunophenotyped, B-ALL patients accounted for 83%, T-ALL patients accounted for 9%. Among 361 AML patients, sub-leukemia phenotype from M(0) to M(7) accounted for 0.3%, 2.2%, 29.8%, 20.9%, 8.1%, 25.2%, 4.1% and 4.6% respectively. Among 631 pediatric ALL patients who had been examined by using molecular biology technique, the positive rate of TEL/AML1, BCR/ABL, MLL and E2A/PBX1 were 23%, 7.4%, 4.1%, 2.1% respectively. Among 361 pediatric AML patients who had been examined by using molecular biology technique, 19% of the patients showed positive AML1/ETO fusion gene, 18% of the patients showed positive PML/RARα fusion gene, while 4.2% of patients showed positive CBFβ/MYH11. It is concluded that the onset of pediatric acute leukemia is influenced by age, season, environment and different genetic background.
为研究儿童急性白血病（CAL）的流行病学特征，如发病年龄和时间、危险因素、亚型分布及遗传学特征，对2004年4月至2010年4月在中国医学科学院血液病医院住院治疗的1236例CAL患者进行回顾性分析。结果显示，急性淋巴细胞白血病（ALL）与急性髓系白血病（AML）患者的性别比分别为1.80∶1和1.73∶1；发病平均高峰年龄为2至6岁，中位年龄为6岁，其中ALL发病高峰年龄为2至5岁，而AML无明显发病高峰年龄。冬季，尤其是1月是发病和出生的高峰时间。在已进行免疫分型的631例ALL患者中，B-ALL患者占83%，T-ALL患者占9%。在361例AML患者中，M(0)至M(7)的亚型表型分别占0.3%、2.2%、29.8%、20.9%、8.1%、25.2%、4.1%和4.6%。在采用分子生物学技术检测的631例儿童ALL患者中，TEL/AML1、BCR/ABL、MLL和E2A/PBX1的阳性率分别为23%、7.4%、4.1%、2.1%。在采用分子生物学技术检测的361例儿童AML患者中，19%的患者AML1/ETO融合基因呈阳性，18%的患者PML/RARα融合基因呈阳性，而4.2%的患者CBFβ/MYH11呈阳性。结论：儿童急性白血病的发病受年龄、季节、环境及不同遗传背景的影响。
