The Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
Curr Opin Urol. 2011 Sep;21(5):356-61. doi: 10.1097/MOU.0b013e32834962d5.
Incidence of obesity and renal cell carcinoma (RCC) are increasing, and RCC remains a lethal disease if not identified at an early stage. There is an increasing body of evidence linking obesity to the risk of developing RCC.
There is a wealth of epidemiological evidence supporting a higher risk of developing RCC in obese individuals, and in a dose-response manner. This is particularly pertinent in the development of the clear cell subtype (ccRCC), in which there appears to be a special interplay between ccRCC, obesity and von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) gene defects, driving the proangiogenic/proliferative pathway as a result of metabolites produced by adipose tissue, the epigenetic silencing of a tumour suppressor in close proximity to the VHL gene, hypoxia, obesity-related hypertension, lipid peroxidation and increased insulin-like growth factor-1.
Obesity-related diseases, including cancers, are increasing. There are many complex biomolecular pathways interacting in obesity, especially in ccRCC in which there appears to be a specific interplay in VHL mutations.
肥胖症和肾细胞癌(RCC)的发病率正在上升,如果不在早期发现,RCC 仍然是一种致命的疾病。越来越多的证据表明肥胖与 RCC 的发病风险有关。
有大量的流行病学证据表明,肥胖者患 RCC 的风险更高,而且呈剂量反应关系。这在透明细胞亚型(ccRCC)的发展中尤为明显,ccRCC、肥胖症和 von Hippel-Lindau(VHL)基因突变之间似乎存在特殊的相互作用,导致血管生成/增殖途径,这是由于脂肪组织产生的代谢物、紧邻 VHL 基因的肿瘤抑制基因的表观遗传沉默、缺氧、肥胖相关高血压、脂质过氧化和胰岛素样生长因子-1 增加所致。
与肥胖相关的疾病,包括癌症,正在增加。肥胖症中有许多复杂的生物分子途径相互作用,尤其是在 VHL 基因突变中,似乎存在特定的相互作用。