Garcia-Mozo Herminia
Department of Botany, Ecology and Plant Physiology, University of Cordoba, Spain.
Ann Agric Environ Med. 2011;18(1):1-6.
Pollination is only one of the many events comprising the plant development cycle; however, it is extremely important for yield where seed is required. Although successful fertilization depends on a number of environmental and endogenous factors, including climate and plant nutritional status, a sufficient quantity of pollen must reach the receptive stigma in order to enhance fertilization potential. Aerobiological research focuses on the airborne dispersal of biological particles, including pollen grains from anemophilous plants. Airborne pollen data are currently used for various purposes in agricultural research. One major use is as a source of advance information concerning variations in the final fruit harvest of wind-pollinated species. This application, first introduced in the field of plant pathology in the 1940s, was further developed in the 1970s in French studies of vineyard yield; more recently, it has been successfully tested both in crops and in non-crop forest species such as oak or birch. Nowadays, aerobiological research into the influence of pollen emission on final fruit production takes into account a number of other variables, including weather-related factors and phytopathological data; it also uses new, computerized statistical tools to obtain more precise information on agricultural yield and phytopathological risks.
授粉只是构成植物发育周期的众多事件之一；然而，对于需要种子的作物产量而言，它极为重要。尽管成功受精取决于许多环境和内在因素，包括气候和植物营养状况，但必须有足够数量的花粉到达可受精的柱头，以提高受精潜力。空气生物学研究聚焦于生物颗粒的空气传播，包括风媒植物的花粉粒。目前，空气中花粉数据在农业研究中有多种用途。一个主要用途是作为有关风媒授粉物种最终果实收成变化的提前信息来源。这一应用在20世纪40年代首次引入植物病理学领域，在20世纪70年代法国对葡萄园产量的研究中得到进一步发展；最近，它已在农作物以及橡树或桦树等非农作物森林物种中成功得到测试。如今，关于花粉排放对最终果实产量影响的空气生物学研究考虑了许多其他变量，包括与天气相关的因素和植物病理学数据；它还使用新的计算机化统计工具来获取有关农业产量和植物病理学风险的更精确信息。
