Lessel Tanja, Marx Michael Thomas, Eisenbeis Gerhard
Johannes Gutenberg-University, Institute of Zoology/Dep. IV, Soil Zoology and Ecology, Becherweg 13, 55099.
Zookeys. 2011(100):421-46. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.100.1538. Epub 2011 May 20.
Within the scope of the Integrated Rhine Program an ecological flood gate and channel was inserted into the polder "Ingelheim" to enhance animal and plant diversity. In 2008, carabid beetles and springtails were collected, using pitfall traps, to measure the effects of ecological flooding and a strong precipitation event at a flood-disturbed and a dry location in this area. At both localities, xerophilic and mesophilic carabid beetle species were dominant throughout the study period. The total number of individuals of hygrophilic species was comparatively constant, while species number increased, partly due to the changed moisture conditions caused by ecological flooding and strong precipitation. Carabid beetle diversity and evenness decreased marginally when ecological flooding was absent. Springtails represent a less mobile arthropod order, and as such the impact of ecological flooding was stronger. An increase in both numbers of species and individuals of hygrophilic and hygrotolerant species occurred in the flood-disturbed location after ecological flooding. After the sites at both locations had dried, the number of individuals belonging to these species declined rapidly. In contrast to carabid species, the strong precipitation event showed no influence on hygrophilic springtail species. Thus, collembolan diversity and evenness decreased markedly in the absence of flooding. We showed that ecological flooding has an influence on the spatial and temporal dynamics of different arthropod groups that inhabit the polder "Ingelheim". These findings demonstrate the importance of using different arthropod groups as bioindicators in determining the ecological value of a particular polder design.
在莱茵河综合项目的范围内，在英格尔海姆圩田插入了一个生态防洪闸和河道，以增加动植物多样性。2008年，使用陷阱诱捕器收集了步甲科甲虫和弹尾虫，以测量该地区受洪水干扰和干旱地点的生态洪水和强降水事件的影响。在整个研究期间，这两个地点的嗜旱性和中生性步甲科甲虫物种占主导地位。嗜水物种的个体总数相对稳定，而物种数量增加，部分原因是生态洪水和强降水导致的湿度条件变化。在没有生态洪水的情况下，步甲科甲虫的多样性和均匀度略有下降。弹尾虫是一种活动能力较弱的节肢动物目，因此生态洪水的影响更强。生态洪水后，受洪水干扰地点的嗜水和耐湿物种的物种数量和个体数量均有所增加。两个地点的场地干燥后，这些物种的个体数量迅速下降。与步甲科物种不同，强降水事件对嗜水弹尾虫物种没有影响。因此，在没有洪水的情况下，弹尾虫的多样性和均匀度显著下降。我们表明，生态洪水对栖息在英格尔海姆圩田的不同节肢动物类群的时空动态有影响。这些发现证明了使用不同节肢动物类群作为生物指标来确定特定圩田设计的生态价值的重要性。
