Polymer Chemistry, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.
ACS Nano. 2011 Aug 23;5(8):6339-48. doi: 10.1021/nn201421y. Epub 2011 Jul 15.
Metal nanofoams with a porosity above 50% v/v have recently attracted great interest in materials science due to their interesting properties. We demonstrate a new straightforward route to prepare such nanofoams using diblock copolymer-based PS-block-P4VP(PDP) supramolecules that self-assemble into a bicontinuous gyroid morphology, consisting of PS network channels in a P4VP(PDP) matrix. After dissolving the PDP, the P4VP collapses onto the PS struts and a free-standing bicontinuous gyroid template of 50-100 μm thickness and interconnected, uniformly sized pores is formed. The hydrophilic P4VP corona facilitates the penetration of water-based plating reagents into the porous template and enables a successful metal deposition. After plating, the polymer is simply degraded by heating, resulting in a well-ordered inverse gyroid nickel foam. Essential to this approach is the removal of only one part of the matrix (i.e., PDP). Therefore, the template accounts for 50% v/v or more. The porosity characteristics (amount, size of pores) can be tuned by selecting the appropriate copolymer and by adjusting the amount of PDP.
具有 50%以上体积比孔隙率的金属纳米泡沫因其独特的性能而在材料科学领域引起了广泛关注。我们提出了一种使用基于两亲性嵌段共聚物的 PS 嵌段-P4VP(PDP)超分子制备此类纳米泡沫的新方法，该超分子自组装成具有 PS 网络通道的双连续各向同性形貌，位于 P4VP(PDP)基质中。在溶解 PDP 后，P4VP 坍塌在 PS 支柱上，形成厚度为 50-100μm 的独立双连续各向同性格子模板，且具有相互连接的均匀尺寸的孔。亲水的 P4VP 冠易于使基于水的电镀试剂渗透到多孔模板中，并实现成功的金属沉积。电镀后，聚合物通过加热简单地降解，形成有序的反各向同性镍泡沫。这种方法的关键是仅去除基质的一部分（即 PDP）。因此，模板的体积比为 50%或更高。通过选择合适的嵌段共聚物并调整 PDP 的用量，可以调整孔隙率特征（数量、孔径大小）。
