Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
Biol Psychiatry. 2011 Oct 15;70(8):706-711. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2011.05.013. Epub 2011 Jul 8.
Cocaine dependence is associated with high relapse rates, but few biological markers associated with relapse outcomes have been identified. Extending preclinical research showing a role for central brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in cocaine seeking, we examined whether serum BDNF is altered in abstinent, early recovering, cocaine-dependent individuals and whether it is predictive of subsequent relapse risk.
Serum samples were collected across three consecutive mornings from 35 treatment-engaged, 3-week-abstinent cocaine-dependent inpatients (17 males/18 females) and 34 demographically matched hospitalized healthy control participants (17 males/17 females). Cocaine-dependent individuals were prospectively followed on days 14, 30, and 90 posttreatment discharge to assess cocaine relapse outcomes. Time to cocaine relapse, number of days of cocaine use (frequency), and amount of cocaine use (quantity) were the main outcome measures.
High correlations in serum BDNF across days indicated reliable and stable serum BDNF measurements. Significantly higher mean serum BDNF levels were observed for the cocaine-dependent patients compared with healthy control participants (p < .001). Higher serum BDNF levels predicted shorter subsequent time to cocaine relapse (hazard ratio: 1.09, p < .05), greater number of days (p < .05), and higher total amounts of cocaine used (p = .05).
High serum BDNF levels in recovering cocaine-dependent individuals are predictive of future cocaine relapse outcomes and may represent a clinically relevant marker of relapse risk. These data suggest that serum BDNF levels may provide an indication of relapse risk during early recovery from cocaine dependence.
可卡因依赖与高复发率相关，但很少有与复发结果相关的生物学标志物被确定。扩展了临床前研究表明中枢源性神经营养因子（BDNF）在可卡因寻求中的作用，我们研究了在戒断、早期恢复的可卡因依赖个体中血清 BDNF 是否发生改变，以及它是否可以预测随后的复发风险。
从 35 名接受治疗、3 周戒断的可卡因依赖住院患者（17 名男性/18 名女性）和 34 名年龄匹配的住院健康对照参与者（17 名男性/17 名女性）中连续三个早晨采集血清样本。对可卡因依赖个体进行前瞻性随访，以评估治疗后出院第 14、30 和 90 天的可卡因复发结果。可卡因复发的时间、可卡因使用天数（频率）和可卡因使用量（数量）是主要的观察指标。
血清 BDNF 之间具有高度相关性，表明血清 BDNF 的测量可靠且稳定。与健康对照组相比，可卡因依赖患者的平均血清 BDNF 水平显著升高（p<0.001）。较高的血清 BDNF 水平预示着随后可卡因复发的时间更短（危险比：1.09，p<0.05）、使用可卡因的天数更多（p<0.05）和使用可卡因的总量更高（p=0.05）。
在恢复中的可卡因依赖个体中，高血清 BDNF 水平与未来的可卡因复发结果相关，可能代表复发风险的临床相关标志物。这些数据表明，血清 BDNF 水平可能在可卡因依赖早期康复期间提供复发风险的指示。
