Grupo de Entomología Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia.
Forensic Sci Int. 2011 Oct 10;212(1-3):164-72. doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2011.06.008. Epub 2011 Jul 7.
Entomological succession and trophic roles of arthropods associated with different stages of carcass decomposition were studied to estimate the post-mortem submersion interval in two freshwater ecosystems in the Colombian Andes, at an altitude of 2614 m. Pig carcasses were employed as models placed 68 m apart, one in a stream (lotic) and another in an artificial lake (lentic). Decomposition time to skeletal remains was 74 days in the lake and 80 days in the stream. Six phases of decomposition were established: submerged fresh, early floating, floating decay, bloated deterioration, floating remains and sunken remains. A total of 18,832 organisms associated with the carcasses were collected: 11,487 in the lake (four orders, 19 families and 33 species) and 7345 in the stream (eight orders, 15 families and 25 species). Organisms were classified in the following ecological categories: shredders, collectors, predators, necrophagous, sarcosaprophagous and opportunists. Physical and chemical properties of the habitats, such as water temperature, CO(2) and conductivity, varied according to rainfall. In the lake, shredders (Coleoptera: Tropisternus sp. and Berosus sp.) and collectors (Diptera: Chironomus sp.) were found to be associated with submerged phases. Predators (Odonata) were only present during the first phases. Coleoptera (Dytiscidae) were found during floating decay and bloated deterioration stages. In the stream, shredders (Hyalella sp.) and collectors (Simulium sp.) were found during all stages, whereas the predator Oxelytrum discicolle was found exclusively during the floating stages, during which body temperature increased in a fashion similar to active decay in terrestrial environments.
本研究旨在探讨与不同尸骸分解阶段相关的节肢动物的昆虫演替和营养角色，以估计在哥伦比亚安第斯山脉两个海拔 2614 米的淡水生态系统中死后浸泡时间。使用猪尸作为模型，相距 68 米放置，一个在溪流（急流）中，另一个在人工湖中（静水中）。在湖中，尸骸分解到骨骼遗骸的时间为 74 天，在溪流中则为 80 天。确定了六个分解阶段：浸没新鲜期、早期漂浮期、漂浮腐败期、肿胀恶化期、漂浮残骸期和下沉残骸期。共收集到与尸骸相关的 18832 个生物：湖中 11487 个（四个目，19 科，33 种），溪流中 7345 个（八个目，15 科，25 种）。生物被分为以下生态类群：撕食者、收集者、捕食者、腐食者、尸食性动物和机会主义者。栖息地的物理和化学特性，如水温、二氧化碳和电导率，根据降雨量而变化。在湖中，发现撕食者（鞘翅目：Tropisternus sp. 和 Berosus sp.）和收集者（双翅目：Chironomus sp.）与浸没阶段有关。捕食者（蜻蜓目）仅在最初几个阶段存在。鞘翅目（Dytiscidae）在漂浮腐败和肿胀恶化阶段发现。在溪流中，发现撕食者（Hypolyaelaphus sp.）和收集者（Simulium sp.）在所有阶段都存在，而捕食者 Oxelytrum discicolle 仅在漂浮阶段发现，在此期间体温升高，类似于陆地环境中的活性腐败。
