Jungbauer Christof
Austrian Red Cross, Blood Service for Vienna, Lower Austria and Burgenland, Vienna Blood Centre, Wiedner Hauptstraße 32, 1040 Vienna, Austria.
Transfus Apher Sci. 2011 Aug;45(1):61-8. doi: 10.1016/j.transci.2011.06.004. Epub 2011 Jul 7.
During the last decade a number of blood establishments started using molecular methods for typing a subset of their blood donors for minor red cell antigens as a part of their routine work. It can be expected that this development will continue and that DNA testing will take a significant role in future. A sufficient number of antigen-typing in the donor-database allows for the efficient supply of red cell units for patients who carry irregular antibodies directed to red cell antigens. Therefore blood centres often operate antigen typing programs for a subset of their repeat donors. Large-scale donor typing programs are labour-intensive and costly. DNA testing is a feasible alternative to standard serological assays. The most important advantage is the easy access to a spectrum of hundreds of antigens independent of the availability of serological reagents. Besides, that there are both positive, but also less favourable aspects, which are related to the different particular methods and platforms available for molecular testing. Several of them enable medium- and high-throughput applications and some are more cost-efficient than serology.
在过去十年中，一些血液机构开始将分子方法用于对部分献血者进行次要红细胞抗原分型，作为其日常工作的一部分。可以预期，这一发展将持续下去，并且DNA检测在未来将发挥重要作用。在献血者数据库中进行足够数量的抗原分型，能够为携带针对红细胞抗原的不规则抗体的患者高效供应红细胞单位。因此，血液中心经常为其部分重复献血者开展抗原分型项目。大规模的献血者分型项目劳动强度大且成本高昂。DNA检测是标准血清学检测的一种可行替代方法。最重要的优势是能够轻松检测数百种抗原，而无需考虑血清学试剂的可用性。此外，分子检测所采用的不同特定方法和平台既有积极的一面，也有不太有利的方面。其中一些方法能够实现中高通量应用，并且有些比血清学检测更具成本效益。
