Parasite Disease Group, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Portugal.
Acta Trop. 2011 Oct-Nov;120(1-2):82-7. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2011.06.003. Epub 2011 Jul 2.
Northeastern Portugal is a region where canine leishmaniasis (CanL) is endemic. In this study, a sero-epidemiological survey was conducted in 654 dogs from that geographical area. Serum samples were evaluated by the direct agglutination test (DAT) and also by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using five different defined antigens. Seroprevalence of infection was 21.3% based on the assumption that seropositive animals were positive for at least three tests. A high degree of agreement was found between DAT and LAM-ELISA (89%; kappa value [κ] = 0.67). A statistically significant difference (p<0.05) of seropositivity was found between adult (23.4%) and juvenile dogs (12.2%), apparently healthy (14.8%) and sick dogs (40.2%), vaccinated (19.7%) and non-vaccinated (41.2%) animals, seropositive (26.9%) and seronegative (18.0%) for Toxoplasma gondii, living in rural (18.5%) or urban (32.6%) areas, and between animals living exclusively outdoors (18.2%) and those living in a mixed habitat (27.5%). Risk factors for canine Leishmania infection, as defined by multiple logistic regression analysis, were of clinical status (odds ratio [OR] = 3.1) and Toxoplasma infection (OR = 1.5).
葡萄牙东北部是犬利什曼病（CanL）流行的地区。在这项研究中，对该地理区域的 654 只狗进行了血清流行病学调查。通过直接凝集试验（DAT）和使用五种不同定义的抗原的酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）评估血清样本。基于假设血清阳性动物对至少三种检测呈阳性的情况，感染的血清阳性率为 21.3％。DAT 和 LAM-ELISA 之间具有高度一致性（89％；kappa 值 [κ] = 0.67）。在成年犬（23.4％）和幼犬（12.2％）、明显健康犬（14.8％）和患病犬（40.2％）、接种疫苗犬（19.7％）和未接种疫苗犬（41.2％）、弓形虫血清阳性犬（26.9％）和血清阴性犬（18.0％）、生活在农村（18.5％）或城市（32.6％）地区以及仅生活在户外的动物（18.2％）和生活在混合栖息地的动物（27.5％）之间，发现了血清阳性率存在统计学上的显著差异（p<0.05）。多变量逻辑回归分析定义的犬利什曼原虫感染的危险因素是临床状况（比值比 [OR] = 3.1）和弓形虫感染（OR = 1.5）。
