Carreras Aja M, Arrieta Artieda I, Borruel Nacenta S
Radiología de Urgencia, Hospital Universitario de Cruces, Barakaldo, Vizcaya, España.
Radiologia. 2011 Oct;53 Suppl 1:60-9. doi: 10.1016/j.rx.2011.03.007. Epub 2011 Jul 13.
MDCT has become a fundamental tool for determining the causes of acute abdomen. CT is considered the imaging technique of choice in the diagnostic workup of both localized and diffuse acute abdomen, except in patients in whom acute cholecystitis or acute gynecological disease is suspected and in children, adolescents, and pregnant patients, in whom ultrasonography is the imaging technique of choice. Plain-film X-ray examination has been relegated to the initial management of renal colic, suspected foreign bodies, and intestinal obstruction. One of the drawbacks of MDCT is its use of ionizing radiation, which makes it necessary to filter and direct the examinations as well as to ensure that the most appropriate protocols are used. For this reason, low dose protocols have been developed so that diagnostic studies can be performed with doses of radiation between 2 and 3 mSv; these are normally used in the diagnosis of renal colic and can also be used in selected patients with suspected appendicitis and acute diverticulitis.
多层螺旋CT（MDCT）已成为确定急腹症病因的基本工具。CT被认为是局部和弥漫性急腹症诊断检查中的首选成像技术，但疑似急性胆囊炎或急性妇科疾病的患者以及儿童、青少年和孕妇除外，对这些人群而言超声检查是首选成像技术。腹部平片X线检查已退居次要地位，主要用于肾绞痛、疑似异物和肠梗阻的初始处理。MDCT的缺点之一是使用电离辐射，因此有必要对检查进行筛选和指导，并确保采用最合适的方案。出于这个原因，已开发出低剂量方案，以便能在2至3毫希沃特的辐射剂量下进行诊断性研究；这些方案通常用于肾绞痛的诊断，也可用于部分疑似阑尾炎和急性憩室炎的患者。
