Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 16992 Jingshi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China.
J Public Health (Oxf). 2012 Mar;34(1):131-7. doi: 10.1093/pubmed/fdr053. Epub 2011 Jul 8.
There is strong evidence of a positive secular trend in body mass index (BMI) and the prevalence of obesity has increased substantially over the last several decades. However, no studies on this trend have been reported in Shandong Province, China. The present study assessed the decennial change in BMI in Shandong Province during the past 25 years and the prevalence of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents.
The BMI of children and adolescents aged 7-18 was calculated using data from five national surveys on students' constitution and health carried out by the government in 1985, 1995, 2000, 2005 and 2010 in Shandong Province, China. The distribution of BMI was reported, and the prevalence of overweight and obesity was obtained according to the screening criteria of overweight and obesity for Chinese students using BMI [Working Group on Obesity in China (WGOC) standard]. Overweight and obesity prevalence were also computed using the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) cutoffs.
In the past 25 years, the P(50) (50th percentile) of BMI increased. The average increments of BMI were 2.18 kg/m(2) for boys and 1.21 kg/m(2) for girls, respectively. The prevalence of overweight and obesity increased rapidly: using WGOC standard, the prevalence of overweight increased from 1.91% for boys and 2.02% for girls in 1985 to 17.34% for boys and 11.97% for girls in 2010, and the prevalence of obesity increased from 0.27% for boys and 0.23% for girls in 1985 to 15.83% for boys and 7.12% for girls in 2010; using IOTF standard, the prevalence of overweight increased from 1.54% for boys and 1.27% for girls in 1985 to 19.06% for boys and 13.42% for girls in 2010, and the prevalence of obesity increased from 0.04% for boys and 0.03% for girls in 1985 to 9.33% for boys and 2.42% for girls in 2010, respectively.
The average value of BMI has increased over time; overweight and obesity among children and adolescents have become a serious public health problem. Comprehensive evidence-based strategies of intervention should be introduced, including periodic monitoring.
有强有力的证据表明，体重指数（BMI）呈正的长期趋势，过去几十年肥胖的患病率显著增加。然而，在中国山东省，尚未有关于这一趋势的研究报告。本研究评估了过去 25 年山东省 BMI 的十年变化以及儿童和青少年超重和肥胖的患病率。
使用政府于 1985 年、1995 年、2000 年、2005 年和 2010 年在山东省进行的五次全国学生体质与健康调查的数据，计算了 7-18 岁儿童和青少年的 BMI。报告 BMI 的分布情况，并根据 BMI 筛查标准（中国学生超重和肥胖标准）确定超重和肥胖的患病率。还使用国际肥胖工作组（IOTF）标准计算超重和肥胖的患病率。
在过去的 25 年中，BMI 的 P（50）（第 50 个百分位数）增加。男孩和女孩的 BMI 平均增加值分别为 2.18kg/m2和 1.21kg/m2。超重和肥胖的患病率迅速增加：使用 WGOC 标准，男孩的超重患病率从 1985 年的 1.91%和女孩的 2.02%增加到 2010 年的 17.34%和 11.97%，男孩的肥胖患病率从 1985 年的 0.27%和女孩的 0.23%增加到 2010 年的 15.83%和 7.12%；使用 IOTF 标准，男孩的超重患病率从 1985 年的 1.54%和女孩的 1.27%增加到 2010 年的 19.06%和 13.42%，男孩的肥胖患病率从 1985 年的 0.04%和女孩的 0.03%增加到 2010 年的 9.33%和 2.42%。
BMI 的平均值随时间增加；儿童和青少年超重和肥胖已成为严重的公共卫生问题。应引入综合的基于证据的干预策略，包括定期监测。
