Acute kidney injury in a teaching hospital in Oman.

To determine the incidence, etiology and outcome of acute kidney injury (AKI) at a teaching hospital in Oman, we studied all adult cases that developed AKI at our hospital from July 2006 to June 2007. Data from the hospital information system (HIS) for all adult admissions in the wards and intensive care units for the study period were obtained, and included baseline serum creatinine, serum creatinine on the day of diagnosis, peak serum creatinine, urine output in the last six and 12 hours at the time of diagnosis, etiology of acute renal failure, presence of any co-morbid conditions, and renal replacement therapy and outcome. Of the 19,738 adult admissions, there were 108 episodes of AKI in 100 patients. The incidence of acute renal failure was 0.54%. The etiology of AKI was pre-renal in 55 (50.9%), obstructive in 5 (4.6%) and acute tubular necrosis (ATN) in the remaining 48 (44.4%) patients. Renal replacement therapy (RRT) was required in 24.1% of cases. Of the patients who developed AKI, 36 (33.33%) died during same hospital admission, 37 (34.26%) recovered to discharge with no renal impairment, 32 (29.63%) recovered with residual renal impairment and 2 (1.85%) recovered with dialysis dependence.