Department of Psychology, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
J Fam Psychol. 2011 Oct;25(5):781-4. doi: 10.1037/a0024699.
Family expressed emotion (EE), a measure of emotional overinvolvement (EOI) and criticism (CRIT), is predictive of relapses and poor treatment outcomes among adults experiencing a range of psychopathology and may predict outcomes among youth with mood disorders. Although it is typically measured by an individual interview with a family member, EE is thought to index family processes and, therefore, should be reflected in family interactional behavior. We examined the association between maternal EE and interactional behavior in a sample of mothers and their 8-12-year-old children. Mother-child dyads participated in three video-recorded interaction tasks--two problem-solving tasks and one planning-fun-activity task. Maternal EE was measured by the Five Minute Speech Sample, and mothers were classified as CRIT, EOI, or low EE. Maternal interactional behavior was coded using the Living in Family Environments coding system. Repeated measures analyses of variance were used to test the hypothesis that both maternal EE and the type of task would predict maternal interactional behavior. On average, maternal critical behavior increased from the first to the second problem-solving task and decreased during the planning-fun-activity task. Mothers high in CRIT showed greater relative frequencies of critical behavior as compared to mothers high in EOI or mothers low in EE. The results suggest that maternal CRIT, as assessed by the Five Minute Speech Sample, is significantly associated with observed maternal critical behavior.
家庭情感表达（EE）是情感过度卷入（EOI）和批评（CRIT）的一种衡量标准，它可以预测成年人在经历一系列精神病理学时的复发和治疗效果不佳的情况，并且可能预测有情绪障碍的青少年的预后。虽然它通常是通过对家庭成员进行个体访谈来测量的，但 EE 被认为是家庭过程的指标，因此应该反映在家庭互动行为中。我们在一组母亲及其 8-12 岁的孩子的样本中检查了母亲 EE 与互动行为之间的关联。母子二人参与了三个视频记录的互动任务——两个解决问题的任务和一个计划有趣活动的任务。母亲的 EE 通过五分钟演讲样本进行测量，并根据母亲的 CRIT、EOI 或低 EE 进行分类。母亲的互动行为使用家庭环境生活编码系统进行编码。使用重复测量方差分析来检验以下假设：母亲 EE 和任务类型都将预测母亲的互动行为。平均而言，母亲的批评行为从第一个解决问题的任务增加到第二个，并且在计划有趣活动的任务中减少。与 EOI 高或 EE 低的母亲相比，CRIT 高的母亲表现出更多的相对批评行为。结果表明，通过五分钟演讲样本评估的母亲 CRIT 与观察到的母亲批评行为显著相关。
