Baños G, Guarner V, Pérez-Torres I
Department of Cardiovascular Biomedicine, Instituto Nacional de Cardiologia "Ignacio Chávez", Mexico City, Mexico.
Cardiovasc Hematol Agents Med Chem. 2011 Jul 1;9(3):137-46. doi: 10.2174/187152511797037547.
The metabolic syndrome (MS) has become the new epidemic of this century. Although its associated pathologies may vary, the most common are hypertension, central obesity, dyslipidemia, low High Density Lipoproteins (HDL), high Low Density Lipoproteins (LDL), and type-2 diabetes. Several others can be present, such as hypertriglyceridemia, cardiopathies, atherosclerosis, altered levels of sex hormones, hypogonadism in men and nephropathy. Several factors such as gender, age, race, lifestyle and diet may contribute to modify its prevalence: men develop cardiovascular diseases at an earlier age than pre-menopausal women, who seem to be protected by the antioxidant properties of estrogens. The present review offers information, mostly from 2008 to the present, as well as our own work on a rat model of MS, which was developed by the administration of sucrose in drinking water. Sex steroid hormones play an important role in the appearance and development of the MS and of cardiovascular diseases. Variations in the levels of sex hormones, whether normal or pathological, may have significant influence in the onset of several diseases, metabolic syndrome components included, as well as in the behavior of tissues and organs. These are just some of the non-reproductive actions of sex hormones.
代谢综合征（MS）已成为本世纪的新流行病。尽管其相关病理情况可能有所不同，但最常见的是高血压、中心性肥胖、血脂异常、高密度脂蛋白（HDL）降低、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）升高以及2型糖尿病。还可能存在其他几种情况，如高甘油三酯血症、心脏病、动脉粥样硬化、性激素水平改变、男性性腺功能减退和肾病。性别、年龄、种族、生活方式和饮食等多种因素可能会影响其患病率：男性比绝经前女性更早患上心血管疾病，绝经前女性似乎受到雌激素抗氧化特性的保护。本综述提供了主要从2008年至今的信息，以及我们自己关于MS大鼠模型的研究工作，该模型是通过在饮用水中添加蔗糖建立的。性类固醇激素在MS和心血管疾病的出现及发展中起着重要作用。性激素水平的变化，无论是正常的还是病理性的，都可能对包括代谢综合征成分在内的多种疾病的发病以及组织和器官的行为产生重大影响。这些只是性激素的一些非生殖作用。
