Adriono Gitalisa, Wang Dandan, Octavianus Cosmos, Congdon Nathan
Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia–Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia. [corrected]
Arch Ophthalmol. 2011 Jul;129(7):930-5. doi: 10.1001/archophthalmol.2011.147.
To assess the use of eye care and its predictors among diabetic patients in Indonesia.
Diabetic patients aged 18 years and older were recruited consecutively from a university clinic and 2 community clinics in Jakarta, Indonesia. Information obtained by questionnaire and record review included demographic and socioeconomic status, knowledge about diabetic retinopathy, and ocular and medical history. The main outcome was self-reported or record history of an eye examination by an eye care professional with dilation of the pupil within the preceding year.
Among 196 participants (mean [SD] age, 58.4 [9.4] years; 61.5% female), 166 (84.7%) had not undergone ocular examination in the last year, including 100 of 119 patients (84.0%) at the university clinic. Fewer than half (82 of 166 [49.4%]) of all patients reported being told of the need for eye examinations by their physician. In regression analyses, factors associated with having an eye examination were higher diabetic retinopathy knowledge score (odds ratio = 1.52; P = .01) and years since being diagnosed as having diabetes (odds ratio = 1.71 for third vs first tertile; P = .02). Education, income, health insurance status, and diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy were not predictive of examination. The most common reasons given by subjects for not having had eye examinations concerned lack of knowledge about the need for care (97 of 160 subjects [60.6%]), while financial barriers were cited by only 22 of 160 subjects (13.8%).
The low proportion of diabetic subjects receiving recommended annual eye examinations in Indonesia might be improved through patient and physician education.
评估印度尼西亚糖尿病患者的眼部护理使用情况及其预测因素。
从印度尼西亚雅加达的一家大学诊所和两家社区诊所连续招募18岁及以上的糖尿病患者。通过问卷调查和记录审查获得的信息包括人口统计学和社会经济状况、糖尿病视网膜病变知识、眼部和病史。主要结局是自我报告或记录在前一年由眼科护理专业人员进行散瞳眼部检查的病史。
在196名参与者中（平均[标准差]年龄，58.4[9.4]岁；61.5%为女性），166名（84.7%）在过去一年未接受眼部检查，其中大学诊所的119名患者中有100名（84.0%）。所有患者中不到一半（166名中的82名[49.4%]）报告医生告知他们需要进行眼部检查。在回归分析中，与进行眼部检查相关的因素是糖尿病视网膜病变知识得分较高（比值比=1.52；P=0.01）以及自被诊断为糖尿病以来的年数（第三分位数与第一分位数相比，比值比=1.71；P=0.02）。教育程度、收入、健康保险状况和糖尿病视网膜病变的诊断不能预测是否进行检查。受试者未进行眼部检查最常见的原因是缺乏对护理需求的了解（160名受试者中的97名[60.6%]），而只有160名受试者中的22名（13.8%）提到了经济障碍。
通过对患者和医生的教育，印度尼西亚接受推荐的年度眼部检查的糖尿病患者比例较低的情况可能会得到改善。
