Mohammed Elagba Ha, Eltayeb Mohamed, Ibrahim Hikmat
Natural History Museum, Faculty of Science, University of Khartoum. P. O. Box 321, Khartoum, Sudan.
Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J. 2006 Dec;6(2):59-64.
To determine the prevalence and intensity of infection with schistosomiasis among school children and to evaluate the efficacy of praziquantel in normalizing the levels of some haematological and biochemical blood constituents.
A total of 346 school children, aged 7-13 years, from El-Kriab primary school, near the El-Seleit irrigation scheme east of Khartoum, Sudan, were screened for schistosomiasis. All 136 children infected with Schistosoma haematobium and/or S. mansoni were clinically investigated and treated with a single oral dose of praziquantel (40 mg/kg body weight).
In 74% out of 97 children infected with S. haematobium the egg count exceeded 500 eggs/10 ml of urine and they had high level of eosinophilia and leukocyte counts, high globulin and calcium levels and low potassium. The serum total proteins, globulins, albumin and urea showed statistically significant differences between control and patients and between patients before and after treatment, although the levels were within the normal reference range. Praziquantel treatment was highly effective as proved by a (58%) cure rate, a (98%) reduction in egg count and normalization of the examined blood parameters six weeks post-treatment.
Infection with S. haematobium influenced the normal levels of certain blood constituents and treatment with praziquantel normalized the physiological conditions. According to WHO guidelines, regular mass treatment with praziquantel and health education are recommended as part of the primary health care programme in areas of hight prevalence and intensity of S. haematobium infection.
确定学童血吸虫病的感染率和感染强度，并评估吡喹酮使某些血液学和生化血液成分水平恢复正常的疗效。
对苏丹喀土穆以东塞尔莱特灌溉区附近的埃尔克里亚布小学的346名7至13岁学童进行血吸虫病筛查。对所有136名感染埃及血吸虫和/或曼氏血吸虫的儿童进行临床调查，并口服单剂量吡喹酮（40毫克/千克体重）进行治疗。
在97名感染埃及血吸虫的儿童中，74%的儿童虫卵计数超过500个/10毫升尿液，他们的嗜酸性粒细胞和白细胞计数较高，球蛋白和钙水平较高，钾水平较低。血清总蛋白、球蛋白、白蛋白和尿素在对照组与患者之间以及患者治疗前后显示出统计学上的显著差异，尽管这些水平在正常参考范围内。吡喹酮治疗非常有效，治愈率为58%，虫卵计数减少98%，治疗六周后所检查的血液参数恢复正常。
埃及血吸虫感染影响了某些血液成分的正常水平，吡喹酮治疗使生理状况恢复正常。根据世界卫生组织的指导方针，建议在埃及血吸虫感染率和感染强度较高的地区，将定期大规模使用吡喹酮治疗和健康教育作为初级卫生保健计划的一部分。
