Center of Excellence for Animal Science Research in the Animal Sciences Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
Poult Sci. 2011 Aug;90(8):1758-66. doi: 10.3382/ps.2010-01152.
The objective of this study was to examine the effects of dietary n-6:n-3 ratio on immune and reproduction systems of Leghorn pullet chicks. A total of 216 Hy-Line W-36 pullet chicks (1 d old) were randomly assigned to 3 diets (n-6:n-3 ratios of 10, 6, and 2) until 22 wk of age. The Optomega-50 (Optivite International Ltd., Nottinghamshire, UK) containing 50% salmon fish oil was used as an n-3 source. Pullets were injected with SRBC suspension at 6 and 9 wk and anti-SRBC titers were measured 7 and 14 d after each immunization. The antibody (Ab) titers for Newcastle disease (ND), avian influenza, infectious bronchitis (IB), and infectious bursal disease (IBD) were determined at 4, 6, 10, 14, and 18 wk of age. Pullets fed diet with the n-6:n-3 ratio of 2 had higher feed consumption and lower BW gain (P < 0.05) compared those fed diets with the ratios of 6 and 10. The results demonstrated that the different dietary n-6:n-3 ratios did not have a significant effect on the anti-SRBC titers in pullets serum (P > 0.05). The Ab production against avian influenza vaccine was increased in pullets fed diet containing the n-6:n-3 ratio of 10 at wk 10 and 14 and increased for ND at only 14 wk (P < 0.05). On the other hand, the Ab response to IBD (14 wk) and IB (14 wk) vaccines was increased when pullets were fed diet containing a ratio of 6 (P < 0.05). The pullets fed diet with the n-6:n-3 ratio of 2 showed lower egg production and late sexual maturity (P > 0.05) whereas ovary weight (P = 0.01) and number of large yellow follicles (P = 0.049) were significantly decreased at first oviposition. Our results revealed that the supplementation of Optomega-50 as a source of n-3 to decrease the n-6:n-3 ratio in diet significantly increased Ab production for ND, IB, and IBD in pullet chicks with slight reduction in reproductive organs weight at early production.
本研究旨在探讨日粮 n-6:n-3 比值对来航母鸡雏鸡免疫和生殖系统的影响。将 216 只海兰 W-36 母鸡雏鸡（1 日龄）随机分为 3 组日粮（n-6:n-3 比值为 10、6 和 2），直至 22 周龄。Optomega-50（Optivite International Ltd.，Nottinghamshire，英国）作为 n-3 来源，含有 50%的三文鱼油。母鸡雏鸡在 6 和 9 周龄时注射 SRBC 悬浮液，在每次免疫后 7 和 14 天测量抗 SRBC 效价。在 4、6、10、14 和 18 周龄时测定新城疫（ND）、禽流感、传染性支气管炎（IB）和传染性法氏囊病（IBD）的抗体（Ab）滴度。与饲喂 n-6:n-3 比值为 6 和 10 的日粮的母鸡雏鸡相比，饲喂 n-6:n-3 比值为 2 的日粮的母鸡雏鸡采食量更高，体重增加更低（P<0.05）。结果表明，不同的日粮 n-6:n-3 比值对母鸡雏鸡血清中的抗 SRBC 效价没有显著影响（P>0.05）。在第 10 和 14 周龄时，饲喂含 n-6:n-3 比值为 10 的日粮的母鸡雏鸡对禽流感疫苗的 Ab 产量增加，仅在第 14 周龄时 ND 增加（P<0.05）。另一方面，当母鸡雏鸡饲喂含 n-6:n-3 比值为 6 的日粮时，对 IBD（14 周龄）和 IB（14 周龄）疫苗的 Ab 反应增加（P<0.05）。饲喂 n-6:n-3 比值为 2 的日粮的母鸡雏鸡产蛋率和性成熟较晚（P>0.05），但初产时卵巢重量（P=0.01）和大黄卵泡数量（P=0.049）显著降低。我们的结果表明，用 Optomega-50 作为 n-3 的来源补充饲料，降低日粮中的 n-6:n-3 比值，可显著提高母鸡雏鸡对 ND、IB 和 IBD 的 Ab 产生，在早期生产时对生殖器官重量略有减少。
