National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR), Nehru Marg, Nagpur, 440020, India.
Environ Monit Assess. 2012 May;184(5):2921-37. doi: 10.1007/s10661-011-2160-1. Epub 2011 Jul 15.
The Pithampur Industrial sectors I, II, and III, located approximately, 45 km from Indore in Central India have emerged as one of the largest industrial clusters in the region. Various types of industries ranging from automobiles to chemicals and pharmaceuticals have been set up in the region since 1990. Most of the industries have effluent treatment plants (ETP) for treating wastewater before its disposal on land and/or in water body. The present study is an attempt to assess the groundwater quality in the watersheds surrounding these industrial sectors to develop the baseline groundwater quality in order to enable the policy makers to facilitate decisions on the development of industries in this region. The industries are located in two sub-watersheds, namely, Gambhir river sub-watershed and Chambal river sub-watershed. Geologically, the study area is located in the Deccan traps of Cretaceous to Paleocene age. The different basaltic flow units underlie clayey soils varying in thickness from 2-3 m. The aquifer is mostly of unconfined nature. Samples have been collected from a network of observation wells set up in the watersheds. The water quality analysis of the groundwater samples has been carried out six times during three hydrological cycles of 2004, 2005, and 2006. The results indicate that a few observation wells in the vicinity of the industrial clusters have very high TDS concentration and exceed the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) guideline for TDS concentration. The contamination of groundwater has been more severe in the Gambhir watershed as compared to the Chambal watershed. The presence of the impermeable clay layers has resulted in a slow migration of contaminants from the sources. The findings reveal that there is no significant groundwater contamination in the Pithampur industrial sectors except in the vicinity of the industrial clusters, which indicates that there is good environmental space available for the expansion of industrial units in the Pithampur industrial hub.
皮坦普尔工业区 I、II 和 III 位于印度中部印多尔市大约 45 公里处，已成为该地区最大的工业集群之一。自 1990 年以来，该地区已经建立了各种类型的工业，从汽车到化工和制药。大多数工业都有废水处理厂（ETP），在将废水排放到土地和/或水体之前对其进行处理。本研究试图评估这些工业区周围集水区的地下水质量，以制定地下水质量基线，以便决策者能够就该地区工业的发展做出决策。这些工业区位于两个子流域，即甘比尔河子流域和昌巴尔河子流域。从地质上看，研究区位于白垩纪至古新世时期的德干高原。不同的玄武岩流单元位于厚度为 2-3 米的粘土地层之下。含水层主要为无压性质。在流域内建立了一个观测井网络，从该网络中采集了水样。在 2004 年、2005 年和 2006 年的三个水文周期中，对地下水样本进行了六次水质分析。结果表明，工业区附近的一些观测井的总溶解固体（TDS）浓度非常高，超过了印度标准局（BIS）的 TDS 浓度指导值。与昌巴尔流域相比，甘比尔流域的地下水污染更为严重。不透水粘土层的存在导致污染物从源区缓慢迁移。调查结果表明，皮坦普尔工业区除了工业区附近，没有明显的地下水污染，这表明皮坦普尔工业中心有足够的环境空间供工业单位扩展。
