Department of Psychiatry, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01655, USA.
Subst Use Misuse. 2011;46(12):1536-52. doi: 10.3109/10826084.2011.559606. Epub 2011 Jul 14.
Treating comorbid pain (nonmalignant) and opioid addiction is a complex endeavor that requires cooperation of multi-modal treatment teams incorporating pharmacological, psychological, and social components. There are multiple barriers for patients, mental health practitioners, and physical health practitioners to provide complete treatment for this difficult treatment population. In this article, we will review which treatments have been empirically validated in this treatment population, where further research is required, and considerations for potential "best approaches" to use for patient treatment while waiting for empirically validated treatment data. We will also discuss some complementary and alternative medicine approaches that have empirical validity in treating either pain or addiction individually, though empirical validity for the treatment of comorbid pain and addiction has not been established.
治疗合并症疼痛（非恶性）和阿片类药物成瘾是一项复杂的工作，需要多模式治疗团队的合作，包括药理学、心理学和社会因素。患者、心理健康从业者和身体健康从业者在为这一困难治疗人群提供全面治疗方面存在多种障碍。在本文中，我们将回顾哪些治疗方法在这一治疗人群中得到了经验验证，哪些方面还需要进一步研究，以及在等待经验验证的治疗数据的同时，为患者治疗考虑潜在的“最佳方法”。我们还将讨论一些在单独治疗疼痛或成瘾方面具有经验有效性的补充和替代医学方法，但尚未确定治疗合并症疼痛和成瘾的经验有效性。
