Point mutation of the p53 gene resulting in splicing inhibition in small cell lung carcinoma.

The p53 gene is functionally inactivated mostly by point mutations resulting in amino acid substitutions in a wide variety of human cancers. We found a novel mutation of the p53 gene in a small cell lung carcinoma cell line, Lu-143. One of the allelic p53 genes was lost accompanied by loss of heterozygosity for chromosome 17. In the remaining allelic p53 gene, there was a single-base substitution of G to T at position 1 within the splice donor site of intron 7, and the mutated intron was not spliced out during the mRNA maturation process. As a result of this mutation, larger sized p53 mRNA was expressed and no p53 specific protein was detected in this cell line. These results suggest that mutations causing splicing abnormalities are one of the molecular mechanisms for the p53 gene inactivation in human cancer.