Gika Helen, Theodoridis Georgios
Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Bioanalysis. 2011 Jul;3(14):1647-61. doi: 10.4155/bio.11.122.
Blood represents a very important biological fluid and has been the target of continuous and extensive research for diagnostic, or health and drug monitoring reasons. Recently, metabonomics/metabolomics have emerged as a new and promising 'omics' platform that shows potential in biomarker discovery, especially in areas such as disease diagnosis, assessment of drug efficacy or toxicity. Blood is collected in various establishments in conditions that are not standardized. Next, the samples are prepared and analyzed using different methodologies or tools. When targeted analysis of key molecules (e.g., a drug or its metabolite[s]) is the aim, enforcement of certain measures or additional analyses may correct and harmonize these discrepancies. In omics fields such as those performed by holistic analytical approaches, no such rules or tools are available. As a result, comparison or correlation of results or data fusion becomes impractical. However, it becomes evident that such obstacles should be overcome in the near future to allow for large-scale studies that involve the assaying of samples from hundreds of individuals. In this case the effect of sample handling and preparation becomes very serious, in order to avoid wasting months of work from experts and expensive instrument time. The present review aims to cover the different methodologies applied to the pretreatment of blood prior to LC-MS metabolomic/metabonomic studies. The article tries to critically compare the methods and highlight issues that need to be addressed.
血液是一种非常重要的生物流体，由于诊断、健康监测或药物监测等原因，一直是持续广泛研究的对象。最近，代谢组学已成为一个新的、有前景的“组学”平台，在生物标志物发现方面显示出潜力，尤其是在疾病诊断、药物疗效或毒性评估等领域。血液在各种机构中采集，采集条件并不标准化。接下来，使用不同的方法或工具对样本进行制备和分析。当目标是对关键分子（例如一种药物或其代谢物）进行靶向分析时，实施某些措施或进行额外分析可能会纠正并协调这些差异。在诸如通过整体分析方法进行的组学领域中，没有这样的规则或工具。因此，结果的比较或关联以及数据融合变得不切实际。然而，很明显，为了开展涉及对数百名个体的样本进行检测的大规模研究，在不久的将来应该克服这些障碍。在这种情况下，样本处理和制备的影响变得非常严重，以免浪费专家数月的工作以及昂贵的仪器时间。本综述旨在涵盖在液相色谱 - 质谱代谢组学/代谢组学研究之前应用于血液预处理的不同方法。本文试图对这些方法进行批判性比较，并突出需要解决的问题。
