Gazi University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Muammer Yaşar Bostanci Street 16, Besevler, 06500 Ankara, Turkey.
Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2012 Jul-Aug;55(1):106-11. doi: 10.1016/j.archger.2011.06.018. Epub 2011 Jul 16.
The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between daily dietary mineral (Na, K, Ca and Mg) intake and BP in the elderly. This study was conducted on 390 elderly volunteers (≥ 65 years). Subjects were randomly selected from the general population of Ankara, Turkey. Anthropometric measurements, lipid profiles, and mean systolic and diastolic BP (SBP and DBP) of all the participants were measured. To determine the mineral intake of the participants, food consumption was measured with a 24-h dietary recall. The 49.3% of participants were found to be hypertensive, 25.1% to be pre-hypertensive and 25.6% were normotensive according to the JNC-7 Guidelines, except for daily Mg and Na intake, the energy, macronutrient and micronutrient intake of groups were not significantly different (p>0.05). A significant inverse correlation between daily Ca intake and SBP was found in the pre-hypertensive group when age and gender adjusted regression analyses were performed (B=-0.006, p<0.05). Na intake and Na/K ratio were directly associated with SBP in the hypertensive group. In conclusion, SBP was found to be most related to dietary Na and Ca intake, and Na-to-K ratio in the elderly population.
本研究旨在探讨老年人日常饮食中矿物质（钠、钾、钙和镁）摄入与血压之间的关系。该研究共纳入 390 名老年人（年龄≥65 岁）志愿者。研究对象从土耳其安卡拉的普通人群中随机抽取。所有参与者均进行了人体测量学指标、血脂谱以及平均收缩压和舒张压（SBP 和 DBP）的测量。为了确定参与者的矿物质摄入量，采用 24 小时膳食回顾法测量食物摄入量。根据 JNC-7 指南，49.3%的参与者为高血压患者，25.1%为高血压前期患者，25.6%为血压正常者，除了每日镁和钠的摄入量外，各组的能量、宏量营养素和微量营养素摄入量均无显著差异（p＞0.05）。在对年龄和性别进行调整的回归分析中，发现高血压前期组中每日钙摄入量与 SBP 呈显著负相关（B=-0.006，p＜0.05）。在高血压组中，钠摄入量和钠钾比值与 SBP 直接相关。综上所述，在老年人群中，SBP 与饮食中钠和钙的摄入量以及钠钾比值最为相关。
