Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Medellín, Colombia, USA.
Acta Trop. 2011 Oct-Nov;120(1-2):103-9. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2011.06.009. Epub 2011 Jul 6.
In Triatominae, "robustus" group constitutes a cluster of species with great haplotypic divergences but high similarities at morphological and nuclear DNA levels. Given these similarities, species identification generates a frequently problematic issue. In northwestern Amazonia, Rhodnius robustus cohabit with an apparently new species, cryptic with R. robustus (Abad-Franch and Monteiro, 2005). In this region (municipality of Puerto Asís, Department of Putumayo, Colombia), we collected insects classified as R. robustus by traditional keys. We compared this sample with specimens of R. robustus from Venezuela, and of R. prolixus from Colombia and Venezuela. The comparisons used landmark-based geometric morphometrics, and analyses of mitochondrial cytochrome b gene and of D2 variable region of the 28S RNA. The shape of the wings from Puerto Asís specimens disclosed clear-cut divergence from the shape of the wings as found for R. prolixus specimens from Venezuela and Colombia, and diverged from the shape of R. robustus from Venezuela. Thus, morphometric analyses suggested that the Puerto Asís collection could represent a new taxon. Using R. pallescens as an outgroup, a tentative phylogenetic tree based on the geometry of the wing showed the Rhodnius from Puerto Asís more similar to the R. prolixus from Colombia than their congeners from Venezuela. In contrast, the molecular classification clustered Colombian R. prolixus and Venezuelan R. robustus with published GenBank sequences, but it gave the insects from Puerto Asís a basal position to the "robustus" group. This outcome suggests that the Puerto Asís haplotype could be the one found by Abad-Franch and Monteiro (2005). Thus, both morphometric and molecular markers used here, although differing in the phylogenetic classification of samples, could differentiate the Puerto Asís sample from the morphologically similar R. prolixus and R. robustus. This could represent a valuable help in the entomological surveillance related to the control of Chagas disease in the South of Colombia and North of Ecuador.
在三锥虫属中，“粗壮”组构成了一个具有很大单倍型差异但在形态和核 DNA 水平上高度相似的物种群。鉴于这些相似性，物种鉴定会产生一个经常出现问题的问题。在亚马逊西北部，罗氏粗角蝉与一种显然新的物种共同栖息，与罗氏粗角蝉（Abad-Franch 和 Monteiro，2005）密切相关。在这个地区（哥伦比亚普图马约省阿西斯港市），我们收集了被传统分类法归类为罗氏粗角蝉的昆虫。我们将这个样本与来自委内瑞拉的罗氏粗角蝉标本以及来自哥伦比亚和委内瑞拉的罗氏长角蝉标本进行了比较。比较使用了基于地标点的几何形态测量学，以及线粒体细胞色素 b 基因和 28S RNA 的 D2 可变区的分析。来自阿西斯港的标本的翅膀形状与来自委内瑞拉和哥伦比亚的罗氏长角蝉标本的翅膀形状有明显的差异，并且与来自委内瑞拉的罗氏粗角蝉的形状也有所不同。因此，形态测量分析表明，阿西斯港的收藏可能代表一个新的分类群。使用 R. pallescens 作为外群，基于翅膀几何形状的初步系统发育树显示，来自阿西斯港的罗氏与哥伦比亚的罗氏长角蝉比它们的委内瑞拉同类更相似。相比之下，分子分类将哥伦比亚的罗氏长角蝉和委内瑞拉的罗氏粗角蝉与已发表的 GenBank 序列聚类在一起，但它将来自阿西斯港的昆虫置于“粗壮”组的基部位置。这一结果表明，阿西斯港的单倍型可能是 Abad-Franch 和 Monteiro（2005）发现的单倍型。因此，尽管这里使用的形态和分子标记在样本的系统发育分类上有所不同，但它们可以将阿西斯港的样本与形态上相似的罗氏长角蝉和罗氏粗角蝉区分开来。这在哥伦比亚南部和厄瓜多尔北部的恰加斯病控制的昆虫学监测中可能是一个有价值的帮助。
