Laboratory of Biomaterials and Oral Pathology, Department of Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
J Endod. 2011 Aug;37(8):1102-8. doi: 10.1016/j.joen.2011.05.009.
Human orofacial bone mesenchymal stem cells (OFMSCs) from maxilla and mandible have robust osteogenic regenerative properties on the basis of our previous reports that demonstrate phenotypic and functional differences between jaw and axial bone mesenchymal stem cells in same individuals. Furthermore, a combination of OFMSCs with bioactive calcium-releasing cements can potentially improve OFMSC multilineage differentiation capacity, but biocompatibility of calcium-silicate cements with OFMSCs is still unclear. We tested the hypothesis that material extracts of calcium-releasing calcium-silicate cements support biomimetic microenvironment for survival and differentiation of human OFMSCs.
Two experimental calcium-silicate cements, (1) calcium-silicate mineral powder (wTC) containing dicalcium and tricalcium-silicate, calcium sulfate, and calcium chloride and (2) wTC doped with alpha-tricalcium phosphate (wTC-αTCP), were designed and prepared. Cement setting times were assessed by Gilmore needles, ability to release calcium and hydroxyl ions was assessed by potentiometric methods, and OFMSC attachment to calcium-silicate discs was assessed. Calcium-silicate material extracts were tested for ability to support OFMSC survival and in vitro/in vivo differentiation.
Fewer OFMSCs attached to calcium-silicate discs relative to tissue culture plastic (P = .001). Extracts of calcium-silicate cements sustained OFMSC survival, maintained steady state levels of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, alkaline phosphatase, and bone sialoprotein while up-regulating their respective gene transcripts. Adipogenic and in vivo bone regenerative capacities of OFMSCs were also unaffected by calcium-silicate extracts.
Ion-releasing calcium-silicate cements support a biomimetic microenvironment conducive to survival and differentiation of OFMSCs. Combination of OFMSCs and calcium-silicate cement can potentially promote tissue regeneration in periapical bone defects.
基于我们之前的研究报告，上颌和下颌的人颌面部骨髓间充质干细胞（OFMSCs）具有强大的成骨再生特性，该报告表明同一个体的颌骨和轴骨间充质干细胞之间存在表型和功能差异。此外，OFMSCs 与具有生物活性的释钙水泥的结合有可能提高 OFMSC 的多谱系分化能力，但钙硅水泥与 OFMSCs 的生物相容性仍不清楚。我们检验了这样一个假设，即释钙钙硅水泥的材料提取物支持人 OFMSCs 的生存和分化的仿生微环境。
设计并制备了两种实验性钙硅水泥，（1）含二水合和三水合硅酸钙、硫酸钙和氯化钙的钙硅矿物粉末（wTC）和（2）掺杂α-磷酸三钙的 wTC（wTC-αTCP）。通过吉尔莫尔针评估水泥凝固时间，通过电位法评估钙和氢氧根离子的释放能力，并评估 OFMSC 对钙硅碟片的附着能力。测试钙硅材料提取物支持 OFMSC 存活和体外/体内分化的能力。
与组织培养塑料相比，OFMSCs 附着在钙硅碟片上的数量较少（P=0.001）。钙硅水泥提取物维持 OFMSC 存活，维持血管细胞黏附分子-1、碱性磷酸酶和骨涎蛋白的稳定水平，同时上调其各自的基因转录本。OFMSCs 的成脂和成骨能力也不受钙硅提取物的影响。
释钙钙硅水泥支持有利于 OFMSCs 存活和分化的仿生微环境。OFMSCs 与钙硅水泥的组合有可能促进根尖周骨缺损的组织再生。
