Sendagorta E, Herranz P, Guadalajara H, Zamora F X
Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital La Paz, Madrid, España.
Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2011 Dec;102(10):757-65. doi: 10.1016/j.ad.2011.01.005. Epub 2011 Jul 20.
The incidence of anal squamous cell carcinoma has increased alarmingly, particularly in high-risk groups such as men who have sex with men and immunosuppressed patients. Infection with an oncogenic strain of the human papillomavirus in the anal canal or perianal skin leads to anal intraepithelial neoplasias (AIN), progressive dysplastic intraepithelial lesions that are the precursors of anal squamous cell carcinoma. AIN can be diagnosed through cytological screening and biopsy guided by high-resolution anoscopy and can be treated using a range of procedures in an effort to prevent progression to invasive anal carcinoma. Given the recent advances in the understanding of this disease, and the increasing calls from experts for the establishment of screening programs to identify AIN, we review current knowledge on the condition, its diagnosis, and treatment from the point of view of dermatology.
肛门鳞状细胞癌的发病率急剧上升，尤其是在男男性行为者和免疫抑制患者等高风险人群中。肛管或肛周皮肤感染致癌性人乳头瘤病毒毒株会导致肛门上皮内瘤变（AIN），这是一种进行性发育异常的上皮内病变，是肛门鳞状细胞癌的前驱病变。AIN可通过细胞学筛查以及在高分辨率肛门镜引导下进行活检来诊断，并可采用一系列治疗方法，以防止进展为浸润性肛门癌。鉴于最近在对该疾病的认识方面取得的进展，以及专家们越来越多地呼吁建立筛查项目以识别AIN，我们从皮肤病学的角度回顾了关于这种疾病及其诊断和治疗的现有知识。
