Universidad de Antioquia. Escuela de Microbiología. Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia.
Universidad de Antioquia. Facultad de Medicina. Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia.
Rev Saude Publica. 2020 Oct 30;54:93. doi: 10.11606/s1518-8787.2020054001692. eCollection 2020.
To estimate the prevalence of high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) anal infection and associated factors in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive patients in Medellín.
Descriptive cross-sectional study in 300 HIV-positive patients, adults, with history of anal intercourse, treated in two health care services of Medellín 2017-2018. We conducted a structured survey on sociodemographics, sexual behavior and medical history. HPV was detected in anal swabs tested by the COBAS 4800 system. Exploratory data analysis of risk factors associated with HR-HPV was conducted by chi-square test of independence and both raw and adjusted prevalence ratios used the Poisson regression model, at a 95% confidence interval.
The high-risk HPV had a prevalence of 82.7%; HPV16 had a prevalence of 32.7%, HPV18 a prevalence of 21.7% and other HPV types scored 78.3%. The high-risk HPV prevalence in women was of 68.2% and 83.8% in men. The risk factors associated with high-risk HPV after adjustment were age under 30 years, elementary education, casual sex partners, and first sexual activity before 18 years old.
The high incidence of high-risk HPV, along with the occurrence of coinfections by multiple types in the study population shows their susceptibility to develop some type of anal intra-epithelial neoplasia. It is important to establish sexual health programs focused on primary health care.
估计麦德林 HIV 阳性患者中高危型人乳头瘤病毒（HR-HPV）肛门感染的流行情况及相关因素。
这是一项 2017-2018 年在麦德林两家卫生保健机构治疗的 300 名有肛门性交史的成年 HIV 阳性患者的描述性横断面研究。我们对社会人口统计学、性行为和病史进行了结构化调查。采用 COBAS 4800 系统检测肛门拭子中的 HPV。采用独立性卡方检验和原始及调整后患病率比的 Poisson 回归模型对与 HR-HPV 相关的危险因素进行了探索性数据分析，置信区间为 95%。
高危型 HPV 的患病率为 82.7%；HPV16 的患病率为 32.7%，HPV18 的患病率为 21.7%，其他 HPV 类型的患病率为 78.3%。女性高危型 HPV 的患病率为 68.2%，男性为 83.8%。调整后与高危型 HPV 相关的危险因素为年龄<30 岁、小学教育、偶然的性伴侣以及 18 岁以前的首次性行为。
高危型 HPV 的高发病率以及研究人群中多种类型同时感染的发生表明他们易发生某种类型的肛门上皮内瘤变。建立以初级卫生保健为重点的性健康计划非常重要。
