Institute of Forensic Medicine, Lille, France.
Forensic Sci Int. 2011 Oct 10;212(1-3):274.e1-5. doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2011.06.020. Epub 2011 Jul 18.
Several studies have attempted to describe the morphology of the hyoid bone, while other authors have focused on discovering the role of this bone in the occurrence of fractures. Hyoid fractures are known to be dependent on the force applied against the bone, or on the location at which the force is applied. We wished to assess the value of defining one or more models of the hyoid bone by analyzing variations in the size and angle of the various component parts of the bone relative to the sex and morphology of an individual (height and weight) in a sample of 72 bones obtained during forensic autopsy at our institution. Statistical analyses were developed using SAS software (Statistical Analysis System, version 9.2). We observed that the length of the hyoid bone and the angle between the greater horns differed significantly between men and women. Length was significantly greater in men (38.20 ± 4.67 mm) than in women (30.49 ± 7.90 mm) and the angle between the greater horns of the hyoid bone was larger in women (36.46 ± 13.77°) than in men (27.56 ± 13.02°). There was also a statistically significant correlation between the body mass index of an individual and the length of the hyoid bone. As weight increased, the hyoid bone was found to be longer. The weight of an individual was also significantly correlated with the angle of the hyoid bone, with lower weight resulting in larger angles of the bone. Furthermore, hierarchical classification enabled the hyoid bone to be differentiated into two groups or clusters according to anthropometric measurements. ROC curves were used to determine threshold values of length, width and angle to classify the hyoid bones in these two clusters: the first was composed of individuals with longer hyoid bones, and the second of individuals with greater hyoid bone widths and wider angles. Logistic regression showed male gender was more frequently associated with the first group. The morphology of the hyoid bone can be differentiated according to the gender and corpulence of an individual because these parameters are correlated. These findings are crucial in establishing a protocol for modelling the mechanism of fracture of the hyoid bone in strangulation. Two models of the hyoid bone appear to be needed to meet the practical requirements that are the purpose of these biomechanical studies.
已有多项研究尝试对舌骨形态进行描述，而另一些作者则专注于探究该骨在骨折发生中的作用。舌骨骨折的发生与作用于舌骨的外力大小及作用部位有关。我们希望通过分析我院法医学解剖 72 例骨骼样本中各组成部分（长度、角度）的大小及角度，来评估定义一种或多种舌骨模型的价值。这些组成部分与个体的性别和形态（身高、体重）有关。使用 SAS 软件（版本 9.2）进行统计学分析。我们发现，男性的舌骨长度和大角之间的角度明显大于女性。男性的舌骨长度（38.20±4.67mm）显著大于女性（30.49±7.90mm），而女性的大角角度（36.46±13.77°）也明显大于男性（27.56±13.02°）。个体的体质指数与舌骨长度之间也存在显著的相关性。随着体重增加，舌骨变长。个体的体重与舌骨角度也显著相关，体重越轻，骨角度越大。此外，分层分类法根据人体测量学指标将舌骨分为两组或两类。使用 ROC 曲线确定长度、宽度和角度的阈值来对这两组舌骨进行分类：第一组由舌骨较长的个体组成，第二组由舌骨较宽、角度较大的个体组成。Logistic 回归分析显示，男性更常出现在第一组。可以根据个体的性别和肥胖程度来区分舌骨的形态，因为这些参数是相关的。这些发现对于建立一个用于模拟舌骨勒死伤机制的模型协议非常重要。需要两种模型的舌骨来满足这些生物力学研究的实际要求。
