The University of Auckland.
J Exp Anal Behav. 2011 Jul;96(1):39-61. doi: 10.1901/jeab.2011.96-39.
Conditioned reinforcer effects may be due to the stimulus' discriminative rather than its strengthening properties. While this was demonstrated in a frequently-changing choice procedure, a single attempt to replicate in a relatively static choice environment failed. We contend that this was because the information provided by the stimuli was nonredundant in the frequently-changing preparation, and redundant in the steady-state arrangement. In the present experiments, 6 pigeons worked in a steady-state concurrent schedule procedure with nonredundant informative stimuli (red keylight illuminations). When a response-contingent red keylight signaled that the next food delivery was more likely on one of the two alternatives, postkeylight choice responding was reliably for that alternative. This effect was enhanced after a history of extended informative red keylight presentation (Experiment 2). These results lend support to recent characterizations of conditioned reinforcer effects as reflective of a discriminative, rather than a reinforcing, property of the stimulus.
条件强化物的作用可能是由于刺激的辨别而非强化属性。虽然这在频繁变化的选择程序中得到了证明，但在相对静态的选择环境中进行的一次复制尝试失败了。我们认为，这是因为在频繁变化的准备中，刺激提供的信息是不可简化的，而在稳定状态的安排中是冗余的。在本实验中，6 只鸽子在稳定的同时期程序中使用不可简化的信息性刺激（红色钥匙光照明）工作。当一个与反应相关的红色钥匙光信号表明下一次食物传递更有可能在两个选择中的一个上时，钥匙光后的选择反应就会可靠地选择那个选择。在经历了扩展的信息性红色钥匙光呈现后（实验 2），这种效果得到了增强。这些结果支持了最近对条件强化物作用的描述，即反映了刺激的辨别而非强化属性。
