Huq F, Rahman M, Nahar N, Alam A, Haque M, Sack D A, Butler T, Haider R
Department of Microbiology, Institute of Public Health, Mohakhali, Bangladesh.
Rev Infect Dis. 1990 Nov-Dec;12 Suppl 8:S982-7. doi: 10.1093/clinids/12.supplement_8.s982.
The nature of acute lower respiratory tract infection (ALRI) in hospitalized children and of the associated viral agents was assessed in a study of 601 children less than 5 years old over a 24-month period. Of these children, 80% were less than 24 months of age and the ratio of boys to girls was 1.7:1. Pneumonia (86.5% of cases) was the most frequently observed clinical manifestation. Shedding of virus was detected in 21.1% of the children; the highest rate occurred in infants 0-5 months old (27%) as compared with a rate of only 12.5% in children 25-60 months old. Virus was detected in 33.3%, 32.8%, 21.2%, and 20% of the cases of tracheobronchitis, bronchiolitis, pneumonia, and croup, respectively. Among the viruses detected, 78% were respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) (91% of infections with this virus occurred in children less than 2 years old) and 14.4% were influenza virus types A and B. Of the RSV infections, 61% occurred in infants less than 1 year old. The case-fatality rate was 6.8% overall and was 4.8% in virus-associated cases. No consistent pattern of seasonal occurrence of viral infections was discerned. RSV was detected throughout the year, with increased prevalence from January to April.
在一项针对601名5岁以下儿童、为期24个月的研究中，评估了住院儿童急性下呼吸道感染（ALRI）的性质及相关病毒病原体。这些儿童中，80%年龄小于24个月，男女比例为1.7:1。肺炎是最常见的临床表现（占病例的86.5%）。21.1%的儿童检测到病毒 shedding；0至5个月大的婴儿中发生率最高（27%），而25至60个月大的儿童中发生率仅为12.5%。气管支气管炎、细支气管炎、肺炎和哮吼病例中分别有33.3%、32.8%、21.2%和20%检测到病毒。在检测到的病毒中，78%是呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）（该病毒感染的91%发生在2岁以下儿童），14.4%是甲型和乙型流感病毒。在RSV感染中，61%发生在1岁以下婴儿。总体病死率为6.8%，病毒相关病例的病死率为4.8%。未发现病毒感染季节性发生的一致模式。全年均检测到RSV，1月至4月患病率增加。 （注：shedding在医学语境中可能有特定含义，这里直接保留英文未翻译，需结合专业知识进一步理解准确意思）
