Department of Pathology, University of Florida, College of Medicine, 1600 SW Archer Road, Gainesville, FL 32610-0275, USA.
Diabetologia. 2011 Sep;54(9):2232-6. doi: 10.1007/s00125-011-2244-z. Epub 2011 Jul 20.
For more than 40 years, the contributions of nurture (i.e. the environment) and nature (i.e. genetics) have been touted for their aetiological importance in type 1 diabetes. Disappointingly, knowledge gains in these areas, while individually successful, have to a large extent occurred in isolation from each other. One reason underlying this divide is the lack of a testable model that simultaneously considers the contributions of genetic and environmental determinants in the formation of this and potentially other disorders that are subject to these variables. To address this void, we have designed a model based on the hypothesis that the aetiological influences of genetics and environment, when evaluated as intersecting and reciprocal trend lines based on odds ratios, result in a method of concurrently evaluating both facets and defining the attributable risk of clinical onset of type 1 diabetes. The model, which we have elected to term the 'threshold hypothesis', also provides a novel means of conceptualising the complex interactions of nurture with nature in type 1 diabetes across various geographical populations.
四十多年来，环境（即教养）和遗传（即天性）对 1 型糖尿病病因学的重要性一直备受推崇。令人失望的是，这些领域的知识虽各自取得了成功，但在很大程度上彼此孤立。造成这种分裂的一个原因是缺乏一个可测试的模型，该模型可以同时考虑遗传和环境决定因素在这种疾病形成中的作用，以及可能受到这些变量影响的其他疾病。为了解决这个空白，我们设计了一个模型，其基于以下假设：基于比值比，将遗传和环境的病因影响评估为相交和相互影响的趋势线，将产生一种同时评估两个方面并定义 1 型糖尿病临床发病可归因风险的方法。我们选择将这个模型称为“阈值假设”，它还为理解不同地理人群中 1 型糖尿病中环境与天性的复杂相互作用提供了一种新的方法。
