INRA UMR 866, Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, INRA, Université Montpellier 1 et Université Montpellier 2, 34060 Montpellier, France.
Br J Nutr. 2012 Mar;107(5):647-59. doi: 10.1017/S000711451100331X. Epub 2011 Jul 20.
Dietary lipids are known to affect the composition of the biological membrane and functions that are involved in cell death and survival. The mitochondrial respiratory chain enzymes are membrane protein complexes whose function depends on the composition and fluidity of the mitochondrial membrane lipid. The present study aimed at investigating the impact of different nutritional patterns of dietary lipids on liver mitochondrial functions. A total of forty-eight Wistar male rats were divided into six groups and fed for 12 weeks with a basal diet, lard diet or fish oil diet, containing either 50 or 300 g lipid/kg. The 30 % lipid intake increased liver NEFA, TAG and cholesterol levels, increased mitochondrial NEFA and TAG, and decreased phospholipid (PL) levels. SFA, PUFA and unsaturation index (UI) increased, whereas MUFA and trans-fatty acids (FA) decreased in the mitochondrial membrane PL in 30 % fat diet-fed rats compared with 5 % lipid diet-fed rats. PL UI increased with fish oil diet v. basal and lard-rich diets, and PL trans-FA increased with lard diet v. basal and fish oil diets. The 30 % lipid diet intake increased mitochondrial membrane potential, membrane fluidity, mitochondrial respiration and complex V activity, and decreased complex III and IV activities. With regard to lipid quality effects, β-oxidation decreased with the intake of basal or fish oil diets compared with that of the lard diet. The intake of a fish oil diet decreased complex III and IV activities compared with both the basal and lard diets. In conclusion, the characteristics and mitochondrial functions of the rat liver mitochondrial membrane are more profoundly altered by the quantity of dietary lipid than by its quality, which may have profound impacts on the pathogenesis and development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
膳食脂质已知会影响生物膜的组成和涉及细胞死亡和存活的功能。线粒体呼吸链酶是膜蛋白复合物，其功能取决于线粒体膜脂质的组成和流动性。本研究旨在研究不同膳食脂质营养模式对肝线粒体功能的影响。总共 48 只 Wistar 雄性大鼠被分为六组，分别用基础饮食、猪油饮食或鱼油饮食喂养 12 周，其中含 50 或 300 g 脂质/ kg。30%的脂质摄入增加了肝游离脂肪酸、三酰基甘油和胆固醇水平，增加了线粒体游离脂肪酸和三酰基甘油，降低了磷脂（PL）水平。与 5%脂质饮食喂养的大鼠相比，30%脂肪饮食喂养的大鼠的线粒体膜 PL 中的 SFA、PUFA 和不饱和度指数（UI）增加，而 MUFA 和反式脂肪酸（FA）减少。与基础饮食和富含猪油的饮食相比，鱼油饮食增加了 PL 的 UI，而与基础饮食和鱼油饮食相比，猪油饮食增加了 PL 的反式 FA。30%的脂质饮食摄入增加了线粒体膜电位、膜流动性、线粒体呼吸和复合物 V 活性，降低了复合物 III 和 IV 活性。就脂质质量的影响而言，与猪油饮食相比，基础饮食或鱼油饮食的摄入降低了β-氧化。与基础饮食和猪油饮食相比，鱼油饮食的摄入降低了复合物 III 和 IV 的活性。总之，与脂质质量相比，膳食脂质的数量更能显著改变大鼠肝线粒体膜的特征和线粒体功能，这可能对非酒精性脂肪肝病的发病机制和发展有深远影响。
