IEEE Trans Image Process. 2012 Jan;21(1):412-7. doi: 10.1109/TIP.2011.2162424. Epub 2011 Jul 18.
This paper proposes a low-distortion transform for prediction-error expansion reversible watermarking. The transform is derived by taking a simple linear predictor and by embedding the expanded prediction error not only into the current pixel but also into its prediction context. The embedding ensures the minimization of the square error introduced by the watermarking. The proposed transform introduces less distortion than the classical prediction-error expansion for complex predictors such as the median edge detector or the gradient-adjusted predictor. Reversible watermarking algorithms based on the proposed transform are analyzed. Experimental results are provided.
本文提出了一种用于预测误差扩展可逆水印的低失真变换。该变换通过采用简单的线性预测器，并将扩展的预测误差不仅嵌入到当前像素中，还嵌入到其预测上下文，从而得出。嵌入确保了水印引入的均方误差最小化。与经典的预测误差扩展相比，对于复杂的预测器（如中值边缘检测器或梯度调整预测器），所提出的变换引入的失真更小。分析了基于所提出的变换的可逆水印算法。提供了实验结果。
