Alsaid Bayan, Bessede Thomas, Diallo Djibril, Karam Ibrahim, Uhl Jean François, Delmas Vincent, Droupy Stéphane, Benoît Gérard
Laboratory of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Damascus, Damascus, Syria.
Surg Radiol Anat. 2012 Oct;34(8):721-9. doi: 10.1007/s00276-011-0855-1. Epub 2011 Jul 21.
Classic anatomical methods have limitations in micro determination of nerve fibre location. Furthermore, the precise detection of the nerve fibres nature is not possible by means of dissection. The combination of immunohistochemistry and three-dimensional reconstruction could be used to resolve these limitations of morphological sciences. Our aim is to describe the evolution of computer-assisted anatomic dissection (CAAD), which is an original method applied to study the distribution of intra-pelvic nerves in anatomic research.
Serial transverse sectioning of the pelvic region in rabbit, human fetus, infant and adult cadaver was performed. Sections were immuno-histochemically stained and digitized with a high optical resolution scanner. Photoshop 7 software was used in regrouping of the adult cadaver sections then a tri-dimensional reconstruction was achieved using WinSurf software.
The 3D reconstruction of the immuno-histochemically stained histologic sections of the pelvis allowed for precise structural identification of the prostate and its innervations (in fetus, infant and adult). In addition, we reconstructed the entire intra-pelvic organs with accurate demonstration of the location of both adrenergic and cholinergic pathways. Moreover, we performed a virtual dissection of each of the pelvic structures with description of the exact location of the inferior hypogastric plexus, as well as the nature and the distribution of its fibres.
The CAAD is an original method in anatomic research, which illustrates the fact that descriptive anatomy is still a dynamic science. This method allows for a 3D presentation of the intra-organic innervation, the nature of the nerve fibres, and the distribution of receptors and their neurotransmitters. This technique improves the understanding of the complex anatomic regions such as the pelvis from both surgical and educational point of view.
经典解剖方法在神经纤维位置的微观测定方面存在局限性。此外，通过解剖无法精确检测神经纤维的性质。免疫组织化学与三维重建相结合可用于解决形态学科学的这些局限性。我们的目的是描述计算机辅助解剖 dissection（CAAD）的发展，这是一种应用于解剖学研究中研究盆腔内神经分布的原创方法。
对兔、人类胎儿、婴儿和成年尸体的盆腔区域进行连续横切。切片进行免疫组织化学染色，并用高光学分辨率扫描仪数字化。使用Photoshop 7软件对成年尸体切片进行重新分组，然后使用WinSurf软件进行三维重建。
盆腔免疫组织化学染色组织切片的三维重建能够精确识别前列腺及其神经支配（在胎儿、婴儿和成人中）。此外，我们重建了整个盆腔内器官，准确显示了肾上腺素能和胆碱能通路的位置。此外，我们对每个盆腔结构进行了虚拟解剖，描述了下腹下丛的确切位置及其纤维的性质和分布。
CAAD是解剖学研究中的一种原创方法，它说明了描述性解剖学仍然是一门动态科学这一事实。这种方法能够对器官内神经支配、神经纤维的性质、受体及其神经递质的分布进行三维呈现。从手术和教育角度来看，这项技术有助于更好地理解诸如盆腔等复杂解剖区域。
