Laboratoire de Physico-Toxicochimie des systèmes naturels, groupe de Toxicologie Biochimique, UPRES A 5472, CNRS, Université Bordeaux I, Avenue des Facultés 33405 Talence, France.
Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 1999 Oct;7(4):253-60. doi: 10.1016/s1382-6689(99)00019-8.
In this study, the pH, temperature and substrate specificity for cholinesterases (ChE) assay in two bivalves was optimized: the Spanish mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis and the Asiatic clam Corbicula fluminea. The optimal values found are pH 7, 25°C, 2 mM of acetylthiocholine (ASCh) as substrate for M. galloprovincialis and pH 8, 25°C, 5 mM propionylthiocholine (PrSCh) for C. fluminea. The apparent K(m) are 30 and 70 μM for the two bivalves, respectively. In comparison with some other crustaceans and fishes, the levels of ChE activity were found to be low. The in vitro and in vivo sensitivities of the ChEs activity toward two well known pesticides: carbaryl and methylparathion (or its oxon derived form) are comparable to that observed in fishes but less than that found in crustaceans. Although further studies should be done, and other contaminants tested, the studied bivalves can be considered as interesting 'sentinel' species in the monitoring of the acute water contamination by pesticides.
在这项研究中，优化了两种双壳贝类（贻贝和河蚬）中胆碱酯酶（ChE）测定的 pH 值、温度和底物特异性。发现的最佳值为 pH7、25°C 和 2mM 的乙酰硫代胆碱（ASCh）作为贻贝的底物，以及 pH8、25°C 和 5mM 的丙酰硫代胆碱（PrSCh）作为河蚬的底物。两种双壳贝类的表观 K(m)分别为 30 和 70μM。与一些其他甲壳类动物和鱼类相比，ChE 活性水平较低。ChE 活性对两种常见农药（carbaryl 和甲基对硫磷（或其氧化衍生物））的体外和体内敏感性与鱼类观察到的相似，但低于甲壳类动物。尽管还需要进一步研究，并测试其他污染物，但研究的双壳贝类可以被认为是监测农药急性水污染的有趣“哨兵”物种。
