Department of Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, Ahmet Necdet Sezer Kampüsü, 03200 Afyon, Turkey.
Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2003 Jun;14(1-2):9-16. doi: 10.1016/S1382-6689(03)00005-X.
The involvement of the Y chromosome in sex determination was determined by the development and the application of techniques for karyotyping the mammalian chromosome in 1960s. There were many reports on the particular region of the Y chromosome, such as histocompatibility (H-Y) antigen, bandit krait minor satellite (Bkm) the zinc finger Y gene (ZFY) and the sex-determining region of the Y chromosome (SRY) which were believed to be the testis determining factors. However, converging experimental evidence have indicated that the sex determining region of the Y chromosome (sry) is the testis determining factor (TDF) in mammalian species since sex is determined genetically at the time of fertilization in these species. In non-mammalian vertebrates especially in fishes, amphibians and reptiles, genotypic sex can be overridden by the external application of steroid hormones and temperature. In this review paper, after reviewing the complex literature on the molecular and biochemical mechanisms of sex determination and differentiation in all vertebrates, the potential danger of environmentally induced sex determination will be focused on.
Y 染色体在性别决定中的参与作用是在 20 世纪 60 年代通过发展和应用哺乳动物染色体核型分析技术来确定的。有许多关于 Y 染色体特定区域的报道，如组织相容性（H-Y）抗原、斑蝰蛇微卫星（Bkm）锌指 Y 基因（ZFY）和 Y 染色体性别决定区（SRY），这些区域被认为是睾丸决定因素。然而，越来越多的实验证据表明，Y 染色体性别决定区（sry）是哺乳动物物种的睾丸决定因素（TDF），因为在这些物种中，性别是在受精时通过遗传决定的。在非哺乳动物的脊椎动物中，特别是鱼类、两栖类和爬行类中，基因型性别可以通过外源性类固醇激素和温度的作用而被改变。在这篇综述论文中，在回顾了所有脊椎动物性别决定和分化的分子和生化机制的复杂文献后，将重点关注环境诱导性别决定的潜在危险。
