Departments of Biochemistry and Research Center for Prevention of Chemical Injuries, Baghyatollah Medical Sciences University, Aghdasseiah 3 Rah Araj, P.O. Box 19945-546, Tehran, Iran.
Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2004 Apr;16(3):179-85. doi: 10.1016/j.etap.2004.01.001.
Organophosphates (OP) are used in large quantities around the world as agricultural insecticides. Exposure to these toxic chemicals is a serious global health problem. Human plasma butyrylcholinesterase is known to be a good scavenger of organophosphorus pesticides and chemical warfare agents. In this study, purified human plasma butyrylcholinesterase (HuBChE) from pooled outdated human plasma, was immobilized onto the polyurethane foam. The immobilized enzyme showed greater stability at and above room temperature (up to 55°C), compared to the enzyme in solution. Scavenger properties of immobilized enzyme were tested in vitro with parathion and its active metabolite paraoxon. In, in vitro experiments polyurethane foam with immobilized active enzyme removed 40% of parathion and 50% of paraoxon inhibitory effect (based on cholinesterase inhibition). In, in vivo experiments groups of rats inhaled parathion through filters with immobilized active enzyme (Group I), immobilized inactivated enzyme (Group II), and control group (Group III) inhaled solvent only without any parathion or filter. In the Group II animals, activity of plasma and red blood cells cholinesterase was significantly decreased (30 and 28%, respectively) compared to Groups I and III animals. In other tissues such as brain, skeletal muscle and lung, activity of the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in the Group II animals, was decreased significantly (29, 28, and 22%, respectively). There was no significant differences between Groups I and III animals enzyme activities. In conclusion, immobilized butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) may be useful in scavenging and detoxifying organophosphate compounds both for medical protection and decontamination procedures.
有机磷化合物（OP）在全球范围内被大量用作农业杀虫剂。接触这些有毒化学物质是一个严重的全球健康问题。已知人血浆丁酰胆碱酯酶是有机磷农药和化学战剂的良好清除剂。在这项研究中，从陈旧的人血浆中纯化的人血浆丁酰胆碱酯酶（HuBChE）被固定在聚氨酯泡沫上。与溶液中的酶相比，固定化酶在室温及以上（高达 55°C）时表现出更高的稳定性。固定化酶的清除性能在体外与对硫磷及其活性代谢物对氧磷进行了测试。在体外实验中，固定化酶的聚氨酯泡沫去除了 40%的对硫磷和 50%的对氧磷抑制作用（基于胆碱酯酶抑制）。在体内实验中，各组大鼠通过带有固定化活性酶的过滤器吸入对硫磷（I 组）、固定化失活酶（II 组）和仅吸入溶剂无对硫磷或过滤器的对照组（III 组）。在 II 组动物中，与 I 组和 III 组动物相比，血浆和红细胞乙酰胆碱酯酶的活性显著降低（分别为 30%和 28%）。在大脑、骨骼肌和肺等其他组织中，II 组动物的乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）活性也显著降低（分别为 29%、28%和 22%）。I 组和 III 组动物的酶活性无显著差异。总之，固定化丁酰胆碱酯酶（BChE）可能在清除和解毒有机磷化合物方面具有双重作用，既可以用于医疗保护，也可以用于去污程序。
